Faka uphawu ezingulubeni ze-Guinea

Imikhaza, ngezinye izikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi ama-scabies mites, yizinto eziphilayo ezincane ezihlala ngaphansi kwesikhumba futhi zibangele ubuhlungu obukhulu kanye nokuluma. Akunakwenzeka ukubona imikhaza ngeso lenyama.

Lesi yisifo esingemnandi esiphathwa ngempumelelo ngemithi yesimanje, kodwa ezimeni ezithuthukile, umvukuzane ungaze ufe.

Ukutheleleka kwenzeka ngokuthintana ngqo kwezilwane ezigulayo nezinempilo noma ngezinto ezingcolile. Imikhaza ayivamisile ukubashiya abasuke beyibambe ngaphandle uma bekanyiwe esilwaneni esinegciwane futhi babekwe phezu kombhede wezingubo ezinempilo. Futhi, ukusatshalaliswa kwazo kungase kube ngenxa yenani lazo elikhulu kakhulu emzimbeni womninikhaya noma ngenxa yokufa kwakhe. Ngaphandle komsingathi (ophethe), imikhaza iyafa phakathi namaviki ama-3. Kodwa-ke, amaqanda abekwe ezimbotsheni zesikhumba angaphila ngokwawo isikhathi eside kakhulu.

I-subcutaneous mite ibangela ukulunywa okungabekezeleleki ezingulubeni, okungabangela ukuncipha kwezinwele kanye/noma ukulahlekelwa izinwele, ukubhakuza kwesikhumba (kungase kufane ne-dandruff), futhi ekugcineni kuvuleke amanxeba ngenxa yokuklwebheka nokuququda ngokweqile, okwandisa ukuqothuka kwezinwele.

Umkhaza, wenza ukunyakaza, ubangela ukulunywa okukhulu; umvukuzane uyazinwaya aze ophe, aphelelwe umdlandla, anciphe nesisindo. Izindawo zempandla, utwayi luvela, isikhumba siyajiya, sibuthene sibe yimiphetho. 

Ukuphulula indawo ekanyelwe ngesandla sakho kungabangela ubuhlungu obukhulu engulubeni kangangokuthi ungase ucabange ukuthi ijabule kakhulu futhi ikhuthele. Izingulube eziphethwe yilesi sifo zingase zingabi nobungane futhi zenqabe ukuthintana nomnikazi. Ukunwaya isikhumba kungaqinisekisa ubukhona bezibungu, nakuba kunzima kakhulu ukuzibona.

Ngokuvamile, udokotela wezilwane uzojova i-Ivermectin kuphela endaweni ethintekile, eqhubeka nokwelashwa, ngokungafani nezinye izifo zefungal, ngisho noma kungekho ngcono. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ama-mumps angaba nezimbangela eziningana zesifo ngesikhathi esisodwa. Kwesinye isikhathi udokotela wezilwane akakwazi ukuhlonza ukuthi imikhaza ikhona yini. Omunye udokotela wezilwane akakwazanga ukubona imikhaza endaweni ethintekile. Umumbu welashelwa izifo zokukhunta, ukhuliswe, uhlolwe isikhumba kanye nakho konke ukwelapha okungenzeka kwasetshenziswa. Kabili ama-mumps ahlushwa i-anesthesia. Sonke lesi sikhathi, umvukuzane ogulayo, owalahlekelwa ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu, kwase kuba ingxenye yezinwele zawo, waba nobuhlungu obukhulu, futhi izindawo ezithintekile zanda kakhulu futhi zathuthuka. Ekugcineni, udokotela wezilwane wasikisela indlela yokugcina, i-Ivermectin, uma kwenzeka kwakuyizibungu ngempela. Intuthuko yeza ngokushesha.

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zamakhizane:

• Imikhaza edla izimuncagazi engxenyeni engenhla yesikhumba, lapho izala khona futhi izalela amaqanda (Notoedres cuniculi and Trixacarus caviae)
• Imikhaza ehlala esikhumbeni; ukuyibhoboza bamunca i-lymph negazi (Chirodiskoides cati)
• Imikhaza edla inkwethu noqweqwe olwakha esikhumbeni.

Uma i-Chirodiskoides cati ibambelela esisekelweni sezinwele, khona-ke izibungu zotwayi kanye ne-Notoedres cuniculi zingatholakala ngaphansi kwesikhumba kuphela. Ngakho-ke, i-Chirodiskoides cati ingatholwa kusetshenziswa umugqa wokunamathisela, ocindezelwa kuqala bese ukhishwa emzimbeni futhi uhlolwe ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu. Ukuze uthole ukuthi kukhona utwayi noma i-Notoedres cuniculi, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukukhuhla nge-scalpel. Izinhlayiya ezisele ku-blade zinyakaziswa ku-slide engilazi futhi zixutshwe namaconsi ambalwa esixazululo esingu-10% se-caustic potassium. Isilayidi sengilazi sibekwe endaweni enomswakama (isitsha esincane lapho kubekwa khona imicu ye-tulle noma i-gauze ukuze kufinyelele umswakama ophezulu womoya) osebenza ezinhlayiyeni zesikhumba amahora angu-24. Izibungu zingase zibonakale ku-slide engilazi.

Zonke lezi zibungu zingase zibe ne-parasitize kubantu, ngakho-ke, ngezibonakaliso zokuqala zesifo, izinyathelo eziphuthumayo kufanele zithathwe. 

Uma usola ukuthi i-Guinea pig yakho ine-scabies mite, kufanele uyiqede ngokuphelele, futhi ngokushesha kube ngcono, njengoba ingahlala emzimbeni ngaphandle kokubonisa izimpawu isikhashana.

Isinyathelo sokuqala ukuhlukanisa isilwane esigulayo noma esisolisayo bese ubulala amagciwane ekamelweni.  

Ukutheleleka komkhaza kuvame ukuphathwa nge-Ivermectin, kungaba ngomjovo, ngomlomo, noma ngokufaka umuthi ebusweni besikhumba (imvamisa isetshenziswa esikhunjeni ngemuva kwezindlebe ngoba ijazi likhulu kakhulu). Imithamo emibili (noma ngaphezulu) inikezwa ezinsukwini ezingama-7-10. I-Ivermectin ayinawo umthelela kwabesifazane abakhulelwe, kodwa kungcono ukuthi ungayisebenzisi ezilwaneni ezinesisindo esingaphansi kuka-340 amagremu.

Lesi sidakamizwa kufanele sinikezwe ngethamo elifanele ukugwema ukusabela okungekuhle komzimba futhi mhlawumbe nokufa. Udokotela wezilwane kufanele awazi umuthi futhi azi umthamo ophephile wama-gilts. Udokotela wezilwane kufanele futhi anikeze ukwelashwa kwendawo evulekile yesilonda ukugwema ukutheleleka. Ama-steroid angase anikeze ukukhululeka. Nquma izinzipho zengulube yakho ibe mfushane ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze unciphise ukulimala esikhumbeni.

I-Ivermectin ilawulwa ngokwefomula ekhonjiswe kumthamo (ml ngekhilogremu ngayinye yesisindo somzimba wohlobo ngalunye lwesilwane), ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukwazi isisindo sesilwane sakho kanye nomthamo ku-mg/kg yaleso silwane. 

Uma ubukhona bezibungu butholakele, wonke ama-gilts akho azodinga ukwelashwa futhi amakheji azo kufanele acutshungulwe ngokucophelela. Ukuze ugweme ukusakazeka okuqhubekayo kwalesi sifo, ukuvalelwa yedwa kanye nokwelashwa ngokushesha kwazo zonke izigwegwe ezisolwayo kuyadingeka. 

Gwema ukusebenzisa izimpushana zezeze nezibulala-zinambuzane, izimpushana nama-shampoos - eziningi zazo ziqukethe izibulala-zinambuzane eziyingozi ezingulubeni. 

I-Ivermectin isetshenziselwa ukwelapha izilwane eziningi ngisho nabantu ngezinambuzane. Ezinye izilwane zibonisa ukungabekezelelani nomuthi, kuyilapho ususetshenziswe ngempumelelo ukwelapha izilokazane ezingulubeni, ikakhulukazi utwayi, inqobo nje uma umthamo odingekayo ungaphansi kokuqondisa okuqinile. 

Ukufa kwama-mumps kungase kwenzeke ngenxa yokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi emzimbeni wenxeba elikhuliswe kakhulu, kanye nangenxa yokwenqaba ukudla, njengoba ama-mumps ezwa ubuhlungu obukhulu nokungakhululeki. Esilwaneni esinamandla, esinempilo, izimbuzane zingalala izinyanga eziningi noma ngisho neminyaka, zibe inkinga enkulu ezingulubeni ezikhulelwe, noma zibangele okunye ukugula noma ingcindezi. Ukuthuthukiswa okunamandla kwalesi sifo kwenzeka ezilwaneni ezincane noma ezindala ezingaphansi kokucindezeleka, izimo ezimbi. Ukusabela komzimba wezilwane ezinempilo akunamandla kangako, mhlawumbe ngenxa yokulungisa kahle (ukuzilungisa) noma ukusabela okweqile kwamasosha omzimba. 

Emakhemisi wezilwane kanye neminyango ekhethekile yezitolo zezilwane, ungathenga imithi ezokusiza ukuthi wenze ukwelashwa kokuvimbela. Phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zemithi ehlukene, abasebenzi basesitolo bazokusiza ukhethe umuthi ofanele wesilwane sakho futhi bakuchaze ukuthi ungawusebenzisa kanjani.