Theodoxus umnenke: okuqukethwe, ukukhiqizwa, incazelo, isithombe

Izici eziyinhloko zezinhlobo

I-genus ingeyomndeni wakwaNeretid. Njengezihlobo eziningi, bangahlala emanzini ahlanzekile nanosawoti. Ubukhulu bawo bufinyelela isilinganiso sesentimitha ukuphakama. Igobolondo liyindilinga, linegobolondo elincane; kwabaningi, ifana nesitsha noma inkomishi ukuma kwayo. Emhlane ongemuva we-sole kune-cap, lapho isilwane sivala khona umnyango njengoba kudingeka, njengama-ampoules. Iwodwa ilula, isivalo nokungena kuphuzi.

Umbala we-mollusks uhluke kakhulu futhi muhle. Iphethini yamagobolondo iyahluka - amachashaza amakhulu namancane noma ama-zigzag aphakathi nendawo kungemuva elilula noma elimnyama. Amagobolondo ngokwawo anezindonga eziwugqinsi futhi aminyene, ahlala isikhathi eside. Iqiniso liwukuthi emvelweni, ama-mollusk ahlala emachibini anamanzi anamandla, futhi igobolondo eliqinile liyadingeka kubo kulezi zimo.

Izinhlobo:

• I-Theodoxus danubialis (theodoxus danubialis) – ama-mollusk amahle kakhulu anamagobolondo anombala omhlophe-lime anephethini e-whimsical yamazigzag amnyama anogqinsi oluhlukene. Angakhula abe yisentimitha elilodwa nengxenye. Bathanda amanzi aqinile.
• I-Theodoxus fluviatilis (theodoxus fluviatilis) - uhlobo lusakazwa endaweni enkulu, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo lubhekwa njengengavamile. Kusatshalaliswa eYurophu, eRussia, emazweni aseScandinavia. Amagobolondo anombala omnyama - ansundu, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, onsomi, anamachashaza amhlophe acacile. Banomkhuba othakazelisayo: ngaphambi kokudla ulwelwe, bagaya ematsheni. Ngakho-ke, inhlabathi ikhethwa njengamatshe.
• I-Theodoxus transversalis (theodoxus transversalis) – kunalokho iminenke emincane, amagobolondo angenayo iphethini, imibala ukusuka kokumpunga ukuya kokuphuzi noma okunsundu-ophuzi.
• I-Theodoxus euxinus (theodoxus euxinus) - ama-molluscs anegobolondo lombala okhanyayo omuhle kakhulu, anephethini enhle yemigqa emincane ephukile namachashazi. Bahlala ezindaweni ezifudumele - Romania, Greece, Ukraine.
• I-Theodoxus pallasi (theodoxus pallasi) – ihlala emanzini anosawoti nanosawoti. Indawo yemvelo - i-Azov, i-Aral, i-Black Sea, imifula yemigodi yabo. Ngaphansi kwesentimitha ngosayizi, imibala ingamachashaza amnyama namazombezombe kungemuva elimpunga ngokuphuzi.
• I-Theodoxus astrachanicus (theodoxus astrachanicus) - ihlala e-Dniester, imifula yolwandle lwase-Azov. Lawa ma-gastropod anephethini yegobolondo enhle kakhulu futhi ecacile: ama-zigzag amnyama avamile kungemuva eliphuzi.

Obani ama-theodoxus

Lezi yiminenke encane yamanzi ahlanzekile ehlala emanzini aseRussia, Ukraine, Belarus, Poland, Hungary. Ziyatholakala futhi emazweni aseBaltic naseScandinavia.

Eqinisweni, bangabizwa kuphela ngokwengxenye ngokuthi amanzi ahlanzekile, ngoba ezinye izinhlobo ze-Theodoxus genus zihlala e-Azov, Black and Baltic Seas. Eqinisweni, amakhulu ezinkulungwane zeminyaka edlule, zonke lezi gastropods zazihlala emanzini olwandle anosawoti, bese ezinye izinhlobo zathuthela emifuleni nasemachibini amasha.

Akukho lutho olungavamile ekuqaleni. Kodwa-ke, umuntu akufanele adumale ngaphambi kwesikhathi, laba bameleli basekhaya besigaba sama-gastropods banemibala ehlukahlukene yegobolondo, imikhuba ethakazelisayo, kanye nezici zokukhiqiza. Ekugcineni, mahle nje!

Le minenke iye yachazwa ngempumelelo isikhathi eside, futhi kube khona futhi akukho izingxabano mayelana nendawo yabo esigabeni sesayensi: i-class Gastropoda (Gastropoda), umndeni wakwaNeritidae (Neretids), uhlobo lweTheodoxus (Theodoxus).

Njengomthetho, lezi neretids zihlala emadwaleni aqinile, ahlotshaniswa nemvelo yokudla kwawo. Basusa ulwelwe oluncane kanye ne-detritus (izinsalela zezinto eziphilayo ezibolile) ezindaweni eziqinile ezimbozwe amanzi.

Iminenke yenza kahle kakhulu emanzini aqinile. Futhi lokhu akumangazi, ngoba badinga i-calcium eningi ukuze bakhe igobolondo.

Abantu abaningi cishe baye bahlangana nalezi zimbaza emifuleni nasemachibini endabuko, kodwa bambalwa abantu abacabanga ukuthi zingagcinwa ngempumelelo ku-aquarium yazo encane ukuze kuzuze imbangela. Isilinganiso sokuphila kwe-neretids cishe iminyaka emi-3.

Okuqukethwe

Ukugcinwa kwale minenke emangalisayo akunzima neze. Bazizwa bekhululekile ngokulinganayo kokubili ekushiseni kuka-+19 naku-+29. Badla ama-algae, futhi basebenze ngenkuthalo - laba basizi abahle kakhulu, ngenxa yokuthi kulula kakhulu kumnikazi ukugcina i-aquarium ihlanzekile. Yiqiniso, ukwenza kabi ulwelwe oluqinile, “njengentshebe emnyama”, kunzima kakhulu kubo. Iminenke ishiya izitshalo eziphakeme ziphelele - lokhu futhi kuyinhlanganisela yazo enkulu. Njengomthetho, i-aquarium lapho la ma-gastropods ehlala khona ihlale ibukeka icocekile, futhi izimila ezikuyo zihlanzekile futhi zinempilo.

Izinhlobo eziningi ze-mollusk zithanda amanzi aqinile, acebile nge-calcium - zidinga igobolondo eliqinile. Ungabeka amatshe olwandle (i-limestone) kuwo ku-aquarium (kucatshangelwa, yiqiniso, izintshisekelo zabanye abakhileyo e-aquarium). Abawathandi namanzi amile.

Iminenke iqukethe okungaphansi kuka-6-8 ngesikhathi esisodwa. Zisencane kakhulu, ngakho-ke ngezinombolo ezincane ngeke uzibone ku-aquarium. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani elinjalo liyadingeka ekukhiqizeni. Iqiniso liwukuthi lezi mollusk zingabantu abathandana nobulili obuhlukile futhi abathanda ubulili obuphindwe kabili, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo abesilisa abahlukani nhlobo nabesifazane.

Isici esithakazelisayo sokuziphatha kwalezi zakhamuzi ezinhle zase-aquarium ukuthi ngamunye wabo unendawo yakhe "emndenini". Leli iphuzu lapho isilwane sihlala khona kanye nendawo engu-uXNUMXbuXNUMXbndawo “esiyicubungulayo”. Njengomthetho, lokhu kuyindawo eqinile - bakhetha yona emaqabunga neziqu zezitshalo. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ukuthi i-theodoxus encane ihlala egobolondweni lama-mollusks amakhulu. Iminenke ngokucophelela nangendlela ehlelekile isula izindawo zayo ezingcolile, futhi ukushoda okukhulu kokudla kuphela okungayiphoqa ukuba ishiye imingcele yale ndawo.