Umjovo wenja ongaphansi kwe-subcutaneous kanye ne-intramuscular: ungayijova kanjani kahle, i-subcutaneous kanye ne-intramuscular injection

Noma yimuphi umnikazi wezinja kufanele anake ngokukhethekile impilo yesilwane esifuywayo, ngoba isilwane singagula nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Izifo zidalwa ukudla ukudla okonakele, imikhaza, ukuthintana nezilwane ezigulayo. Ngakho-ke, umnikazi ngamunye kufanele akwazi ukunikeza isilwane imijovo, ngoba kwezinye izimo asikho isikhathi sokulinda udokotela wezilwane.

Idingeka nini imijovo?

Uma usola isifo enjeni, kufanele uqale uxhumane nochwepheshe. Unolwazi udokotela uhlola ngokucophelela isilwane futhi unikeze ukwelashwa okufanele. Ikakhulukazi, imijovo iboniswa ukuthi idinga ukwenziwa izikhathi eziningana ngosuku noma ngesonto. Ngokwemvelo, kunzima kakhulu ukuyisa inja egulayo esibhedlela nsuku zonke, ngakho-ke udinga ukufunda ukuzijova ngokwakho. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele uthole iseluleko sikadokotela, futhi ufunde imiyalelo yomuthi.

Ukujova ezinjeni kunconywa ezimweni eziningi:

• isidingo sokunakekelwa kwezempilo okuphuthumayo;
• ukuba khona kwesidakamizwa kuphela ngendlela yesisombululo ku-ampoule;
• ukungakwazi ukunikeza isilwane umuthi ngomlomo;
• isidingo sokwelashwa isikhathi eside kusetshenziswa umthamo othize womuthi othile.

Yini okudingeka uyazi ngemijovo?

Ngaphambi kokuqala ama-manipulations, udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inja izolile. Uma enyakaza, inaliti ingaphuka, futhi kunzima kakhulu ukuyikhipha.

Uma isilwane sesaba kakhulu imijovo, udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umuntu oyedwa ubamba inja ngobumnene, kanti owesibili unikeza umjovo. Okuhle kakhulu kulokhu beka isilwane eceleni, futhi ngokushesha ngemva kokujova, mnike ukwelapha.

Izincomo zabanikazi:

• geza izandla zakho kahle;
• sula i-ampoule nge-swab yekotini efakwe otshwaleni. Ngemuva kwalokho, udinga ukufaka ngokucophelela ingxenye engenhla, nakuba emalungiselelweni amaningi anamuhla ama-ampoules athengiswa kakade afakiwe;
• umuthi kufanele ushiswe ngokubamba i-ampoule imizuzwana eyi-10-30 ezandleni. Ngenxa yalokhu, umjovo ngeke ube buhlungu kakhulu;
• umuthi kufanele udonswe ngokucophelela kusirinji, bese ususa umoya lapho. I-plunger iyacindezelwa kuze kuvele iconsi lomuthi ekupheleni kwenaliti.

Ukukhetha umjovo

Kumele kuqondwe ukuthi akuwona wonke ama-syringe alungele imijovo yezinja. Uma sikhuluma ngomjovo we-intramuscular, kufanele ucabangele ubukhulu besilwane. Ezinhlotsheni ezincane nezinja ezinesisindo esingaphansi kwe-10 kg, amasirinji e-insulin afanelekile. Ngokwemvelo, lokhu kusebenza kuphela kulawo macala lapho isilwane sidinga ukwethulwa okungaphezu kwe-1 ml yomuthi. Kulesi simo akudingekile ukuqapha ukujula kokufakangoba inaliti imfushane impela. Kunjalo, lokhu akusebenzi emijovweni enikezwa imidlwane.

Izinhlobo ezinkudlwana zezinja zizodinga amasirinji anosayizi ongu-2 ml noma ngaphezulu. Banenaliti ende, ngenxa yokuthi kungenzeka ukufinyelela emisipha. Ukuze ugweme ukulimala, ungathatha inaliti kwenye isirinji.

Kumele kubhekwe ukuthi lokhu okukhulunywe ngakho ngenhla Isipetu se-insulin ngeke sisebenze ngomjovo we-intramuscular of the drug, ngoba unenaliti emfushane kakhulu. Kulokhu, umuthi uzongena ngaphansi kwesikhumba, okuzoholela ekucasukeni kwezicubu kanye ne-necrosis.

Lapho ukhetha isirinji, kufanele unake uketshezi lomuthi, okungukuthi, i-viscosity yawo. Ngakho-ke, ezinye izidakamizwa zinesisekelo sikawoyela, okwenza ukuphatha kwazo ngamasirinji e-insulin kube nzima, ngoba umuthi uzovala inaliti.

Ngomjovo we-subcutaneous, cishe noma iyiphi isirinji iyasetshenziswa.

Lapho ukhetha umkhiqizo, kubalulekile ukucabangela izici ezilandelayo:

• ubude benaliti nobubanzi;
• inani elidingekayo lomuthi;
• i-viscosity yezidakamizwa.

Uma kungenzeka, kufanele ukhethe inaliti encane, ngoba lokhu kuzokwenza umjovo ungabi buhlungu.

Imijovo engaphansi

Ukwenza umjovo onjalo, indawo eseduze kwamadolo noma ibunile ifaneleka kakhulu, ngoba lapha isikhumba asizweli kakhulu. Nokho, kuminyene impela inaliti kufanele ifakwe kancane kakhuluhhayi ukuliphula.

Udinga ukukhumbula okulandelayo:

• indawo yomjovo akufanele ibulawe amagciwane, ngoba izilwane zine-antibacterial layer esikhumbeni;
• ukugwema ukutheleleka, ungathinti inaliti ngezandla zakho;
• asikho isidingo sokwesaba ukunikeza umjovo we-hypodermic, ngoba azikho izitsha ezibalulekile noma izinzwa ekubuneni.

Ukwenza umjovo kulula kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukudonsa ngobumnene i-crease phakathi kwamahlombe ehlombe, ususe izinwele bese ufaka inaliti nge-engeli engu-45º. Ngemva kwalokho, ikhishwa ngobumnene, ibambe isibaya.

Umjovo wemisipha

Kwezinye izimo, kuyadingeka ukujova emsipha. Le ndlela yokuphatha isetshenziselwa ama-antibiotics kanye nezidakamizwa ezimuncwa kancane kancane. Kungcono ukujova endaweni yethanga noma endaweni eseduze kwehlombe.

Kufanele kucatshangelwe izici ezilandelayo:

• umsipha wenja kumele ukhululeke ngokuphelele. Kwalokhu kudingeka ube nomusa esilwaneni, uyiphulule bese ubhucunga indawo lapho umjovo uzokwenziwa khona. I-paw kufanele igotshwe ngobumnene;
• akudingekile ukuphatha isikhumba ngotshwala;
• izinga lokushisa lomuthi kufanele libe cishe ku-37º C.

Inaliti ishuthekwa kancane kunengxenye yendlela, nge-engeli engu-90º. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukucabangela ubukhulu benja. Uma isisindo sayo singeqi ku-10 kg, khona-ke ukujula kwe-1-1,5 cm kuyadingeka. Ezinjeni ezinkulu, le parameter ingama-3-3,5 cm.

Ukwenza umjovo we-intramuscular kungaba nzima:

• uma uzwa into enzima ngaphansi kwenaliti, khona-ke udinga ukuyibuyisela emuva;
• uma iconsi legazi livela ebusweni besikhumba, lokhu kubonisa ukubhoboza komkhumbi. Esimweni esinjalo udinga ukususa ngokucophelela inaliti, sula igazi nge-swab kakotini ecwiliswe otshwaleni bese ukhetha enye indawo yomjovo;
• uma ushaye umthambo ngephutha, inja izoxhuga kancane.

Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi ukujova kwe-intramuscular ezinjeni kuholela ekulimazeni okuncane kwemisipha. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ezimweni lapho ukumnika umthamo omkhulu wemithi kuboniswa. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukucabangela isivinini sokumnika kwayo. Njengomthetho, isekhondi elingu-0,5 liyadingeka ku-1 ml yesisombululo. Ungajovi kancane kakhulu, ngoba inja ingase izwe ukwesaba. Ngenxa yalokho, uzoqala ukuthuthumela futhi aqhaqhazele.

Imiphumela yomjovo

Ngisho noma ujova ngendlela efanele, ezinye izinkinga azikhishwa. Ngakho-ke, inja ingase izwakale ingakhululekile, ngenxa yalokho izoba nokungahlaliseki. Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi ezinye izidakamizwa zinomphumela ocasulayo, ngakho-ke zixutshwe ngaphambili nomuthi obulala izinzwa. Ukuhambisana kwemithi kufanele kubhekwe emiyalweni.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi umjovo uwuhlobo lokulimala kwezicubu, ngakho-ke ukopha okungenzeka ngenxa yokwephulwa kobuqotho bemithambo yegazi. Inani elincane legazi lisulwa nge-swab yekotini efafazwe ngotshwala. Uma kunegazi eliningi, ungenza i-compress ebandayo. Ngokopha okukhulu, ukunakekelwa okuphuthumayo kwezilwane kuyadingeka.

Kwezinye izimo, ngemva kokujova, isilwane singase siqinise isidladla saso, okubhekwa njengokusabela okuvamile. Uma isilwane esifuywayo sidonsa indladla yaso, lokhu kubonisa ukushayisana kwenqwaba yezinzwa. Ukuqeda izinkinga ezinjalo, i-novocaine blockade isetshenziswa.

Ukujova inja yakho ngokwakho, udinga ukuba nesineke. Ungasithethisi isilwane noma usicindezele. Kwanele ukushaya isilwane esifuywayo, ngenxa yokuthi uzothula futhi ayeke ukuthuthumela. Kulapho kuphela lapho umjovo ungaqalwa khona.