I-Hernias ezinjeni

Ngokuvamile, i-hernias ivela ezinjeni, akukho ukuthambekela kobulili. Kukhona izici zohlobo: isibonelo, ama-dachshunds kaningi kunezinye izinja ezihlushwa yi-intervertebral hernias.

Izimbangela zokubukeka

Zonke izinhlobo ze-hernias zihlukaniswe zibe yi-congenital futhi zizuzwe. Ezimweni zokuthuthukiswa kwe-hernias yokuzalwa, izici zofuzo zingadlala indima. I-hernias etholiwe, njengomthetho, iwumphumela wokulimala (i-diaphragmatic hernia), uhlobo oluthile lwe-overstrain eyedlulele (i-inguinal hernias) noma ivela ngenxa yezici zesakhiwo sesistimu ye-musculoskeletal kanye nomthwalo emgogodleni (i-intervertebral hernias).

Izimpawu

Izimpawu ze-hernia zincike endaweni yayo kanye nokuba khona kwezinkinga. I-Congenital hernia ngokuvamile ayinazimpawu, singabona kuphela iqhubu elingavamile esilwaneni (isibonelo, nge-umbilical hernia - endaweni ye-umbilical) noma singaboni noma yikuphi ukukhubazeka (nge-diaphragmatic hernia). I-hernia enjalo, njenge-intervertebral eyodwa, i-pathology yamathambo futhi ibonakala ngobuhlungu obunzima lapho uhamba futhi usebenza.

Izinhlobo nezici zendawo ye-hernias

Ngokuya ngendawo, izinhlobo ezilandelayo ze-hernias ziyaphawulwa:

• i-hernia ye-umbilical;
• i-hernia inguinal;
• i-diaphragmatic hernia;
• i-hernia ye-intervertebral.

Okulandelayo, sizohlaziya ngokuningiliziwe izici ze-hernia ngayinye esohlwini.

I-Hernia esiswini (umbilical)

Isithombe se-umbilical hernia (sitholakala emidlwaneni)

I-hernia ye-umbilical ezinjeni iyimbobo ye-pathological odongeni lwesisu eduze kwenkaba, lapho i-hernial sac iphuma khona (imvamisa iqukethe i-omentum, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi amathumbu). Njengomthetho, i-hernia esiswini enja ayinakulungiswa futhi idinga ukwelashwa kokuhlinzwa. Kwezinye izimo, njengokwakheka okuncane, odokotela batusa ukuqapha i-hernia: uma umdlwane unenhlanhla, khona-ke i-hernia ngeke ikhule ngosayizi ngokukhula futhi ayikwazi ukuhlinzwa.

Ingulube inguinal

I-inguinal hernia enja yisimo lapho izitho zesisu ziqhuma ngomsele omkhulu we-inguinal noma iringi ye-inguinal. I-hernia enja e-groin ingakhiwa noma ngenxa ye-pathology yokuzalwa (indandatho ye-inguinal enkulu ngokweqile - le pathology iyifa!), Noma ngenxa yokulimala noma ukucindezeleka ngokweqile / ubuthakathaka bemisipha yodonga lwesisu. (isibonelo, kuma-bitches akhulelwe).

I-hernia inguinal ihlukaniswe yaba:

• nciphisa;
• okungaqondiswanga;
• ababencishwe amathuba.

I-reducible inguinal hernia i-protrusion yohlobo lwe-subcutaneous tumor esifundeni se-inguinal (kolunye uhlangothi noma i-symmetrical bilateral), engavela futhi iphele. Ngokubunjwa okungalawulwayo, i-protrusion ayiyi ndawo; ezimweni eziningi, ukwanda kobukhulu bokubunjwa kuyisici. Nge-hernia eklinyiwe, isilwane esifuywayo sizothola izimpawu ezinzima zobuhlungu, i-colic, futhi singase singakwazi ukuya endlini yangasese.

I-hernia ye-inguinal iyingozi ngoba, ngaphezu kwe-omentum, izitho ezibalulekile zingangena esikhwameni se-hernial: isibeletho, amathumbu, isinye.

I-hernia eklinyiwe iyingozi kakhulu empilweni nasempilweni yesilwane esifuywayo: izitho azigcini nje ngokungena emgodini we-inguinal, kodwa futhi ziphulwa, zicindezelwe yizindonga zesaka le-hernial, zisontekile, ngenxa yalokho ukutholakala kwegazi kuphazamiseka. kanye ne-necrosis yezicubu kungenzeka, okungukuthi, i-necrosis yesitho. Izimpawu ze-hernia inguinal eklinyiwe zihlanganisa:

• ukuhlanza;
• ubuhlungu obukhulu;
• ukuzama njalo ukuchama;
• ubukhona begazi emchameni;
• ukuntula ukudla;
• umbuso ocindezelwe.

Lesi simo sidinga ukuhlinzwa okuphuthumayo.

i-perineal

Kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa i-inguinal hernia ne-perineal hernia. I-hernia ye-perineum i-prolapse ye-omentum, izicubu ze-retroperitoneal noma izitho ze-pelvic ngokusebenzisa ukukhubazeka kwe-diaphragm ye-pelvic. Le pathology inesimo sobulili kanye nobudala: imvamisa ivela kwabesilisa (kumacala angama-95%), imvamisa engaphezu kweminyaka emihlanu. Kukhona futhi izinhlobo ezinqunyelwe ngaphambili - lezi zibhokisi, ama-collies nama-Pekingese. Ngeshwa, imbangela yalesi sifo ayaziwa, ngakho-ke, izici zofuzo ekuthuthukisweni kwe-pathology ziphakanyiswa. Kukholelwa ukuthi ubuthakathaka bokuzalwa kwesistimu ye-muscular ye-pelvis, kanye nezifo ze-prostate gland, ukuqunjelwa okungapheli kanye nezifo ze-rectum, kungaholela ku-perineal hernia.

Ukuxilongwa kusekelwe ezimpawini zomtholampilo. Uphawu oluyinhloko lwe-perineal hernia ukwakheka okufana nesimila kwesakhiwo esithambile ku-perineum, kungaba yi-unilateral noma i-symmetrical bilateral. Ukucacisa ukuxilongwa, i-ultrasound yesisu kanye/noma i-x-ray yesisu enokuqhathanisa iyanconywa.

Njenge-inguinal hernia, i-perineal hernia iphathwa ngokuhlinzwa kuphela.

I-diaphragmatic

I-diaphragmatic hernia iwukungena kwezitho zesisu emgodini wesifuba ngokusebenzisa imbobo ye-pathological (yokuzalwa noma etholiwe) ku-diaphragm.

I-diaphragmatic hernia ngokuvamile iyinkinga yokuhlukumezeka (ukuwa usuka endaweni ephakeme, izingozi zemoto, amanxeba angena ngaphakathi, ukuhlukumezeka kwesisu esibuhlungu), kuyisimo esisongela ukuphila ngakho-ke kudinga ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kokuhlinzwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-congenital diaphragmatic hernia, ngokuphambene nalokho, ingase ingabangeli ukukhathazeka esilwaneni esifuywayo futhi kube ukutholakala ngengozi ngesikhathi se-x-ray ecacile noma i-ultrasound ye-cavity yesisu.

Izimpawu ze-diaphragmatic hernia zihlanganisa:

• ukuphelelwa umoya;
• ukuphefumula ngomlomo ovulekile;
• uhlobo lwesisu lokuphefumula;
• ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube nokukhwehlela.

Lezi zitho ezilandelayo zingangena kumsele we-hernial zisuka emgodini wesisu ziye esifubeni:

• isibindi;
• amathumbu amancane;
• isisu;
• ubende;
• ibhokisi lokugxusha;
• ama-pancreas;
• kuyaqabukela - ithumbu elikhulu ngisho nesibeletho esikhulelwe.

Ubukhulu be-diaphragmatic hernia ezinjeni buhlotshaniswa kokubili nobunzima ekusebenzeni okuvamile kwenhliziyo namaphaphu (acindezelwa okuqukethwe yi-hernial), kanye nobunzima emsebenzini wezitho zesisu eziwele esifubeni, okuholela ekuminyeneni kuzo ngisho ne-necrosis (ukufa kwezicubu).

Izindlela eziyinhloko zokuxilonga lesi sifo zihlanganisa:

• I-Ultrasound yomgodi wesisu;
• i-x-ray yesifuba kanye nomgodi wesisu ngokusungulwa kwama-agent ahlukile;
• ezimweni eziyinkimbinkimbi, i-CT isetshenziswa - computed tomography. 

Ukuphikisana

I-intervertebral hernia ezinjeni ingenye yezifo ezivame kakhulu emgogodleni, okuholela ekuphatheni kabi kwesilwane esifuywayo. Izinhlobo ezicatshangelwayo zingama-dachshund aneminyaka ephakathi noma amadala, kanye ne-Pekingese ne-Shih Tzu. Ukuthambekela kocansi akuphawulwa.

Ukuze wenze ukuxilongwa, sebenzisa:

• i-myelography;
• i-computed tomography (CT), i-MRI;
• I-CT myelography (inhlanganisela yezindlela ezimbili ezingenhla).

Ngeshwa, ama-x-reyi ayindlela yokuxilonga engathandeki, ngoba lesi sifo asivamile ukutholwa kuma-x ray omgogodla.

Kukhona i-intervertebral hernias yezinhlobo zokuqala nezesibili. Thayipha ama-hernia angu-XNUMX avame kakhulu futhi abangela ukucindezelwa komgogodla, okuholela ekulimaleni okukhulu kwezinzwa enja. I-Hernias yohlobo lwesibili i-pathology engavamile, kunzima ukuxilonga i-pathology futhi ingase ingaholeli ezimpawu zomtholampilo ezishiwo.

Ukwelashwa kwalawa ma-pathologies kungukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kuphela.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Hernia ezinjeni

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ukwelashwa kwe-hernia kwenziwa kuphela ngokungenelela kokuhlinzwa. Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, kuphoqelekile ukwenza ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwesilwane esifuywayo (ukuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile kanye ne-biochemical, i-ultrasound yenhliziyo nesisu sesisu) kokubili ukuhlola izinga lokungenelela kokuhlinzwa kanye nokuhlola ubungozi bokubulala izinzwa. Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa kunoma ibuphi ubudala futhi kuphela ngaphansi kwezinzwa.

Ukususwa kwe-Hernia

Ngaphambi kokukhipha i-hernia, udokotela kufanele ahlole ukuvulwa kwe-hernial, uma kungenzeka, abuyisele izitho eziwile emgodini wesisu, aqinisekise ukuthi ziphelele. Uma kwakukhona ukuphulwa kwezitho futhi ingxenye ethile yazo yabhekana ne-necrosis, le ndawo kufanele isuswe. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukuvulwa kwe-hernial kuthululwa.

Ngokwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi emtholampilo, ukuhlinzwa akuthathi isikhathi esiningi, ukubikezela kokululama kuhle. Ezimweni ezithuthukisiwe, lapho ukuphulwa nokuphazamiseka kwezitho eziqhumayo sekuvele kwenzeka, ukubikezelwa kuzoxhomeka ngesivinini sokuxhumana nodokotela, izici zenkambo ye-pathology kanye nezici zomuntu ngamunye wenja.

Ukwelashwa kwe-hernia emidlwaneni

Izici ezihlukile zokwelashwa kwe-hernias emidlwaneni zihlanganisa iminyaka encane yesiguli kanye nokufaneleka kokuhlinzwa. Ngokuvamile, i-hernia esiswini ibonakala kumaphuphu, futhi kuye ngokuthi ubukhulu bayo kanye nemiphumela ye-ultrasound, udokotela unquma ngokululekwa kokuphuthumayo noma ukungenelela okuhleliwe kokuhlinzwa. Ezimweni ze-hernia encane ye-umbilical emdlwaneni futhi akukho zikhalazo zezempilo, ezimweni eziningi udokotela uncoma ukulinda ngokuhlinzwa okungenani izinyanga ezingu-6-8 - kule minyaka yobudala, isilwane esifuywayo singakwazi kakade ukuhlinzwa ukuthenwa futhi kuzokwenzeka. ukuhlanganisa imisebenzi emibili. Uma i-puppy ine-hernia inguinal, ngokuphambene nalokho, kunconywa ukwenza ukuhlinzwa ngokushesha ngemva kokutholakala kwayo.

Inkomba yokuhlinzwa okuphuthumayo yindawo yendawo ye-hernia, izimpawu zomtholampilo (ubuhlungu, ukuphazamiseka komdlwane, ukuklinywa kwe-hernia) kanye nobukhulu bokwakheka.

Izindlela zokuvimbela

Ukuvimbela i-Hernia kuhlanganisa:

• ukungangenwa ekuzaleni izilwane ezifuywayo ezazine-hernia, njengoba kunephethini yefa lokukhula kwazo;
• ukuvimbela ukulimala;
• kuhle ukuhlola izilwane ezifuywayo kudokotela wezilwane kanye ngonyaka, ukwenza i-ultrasound ye-cavity yesisu ukuze ungabandakanyi ukuba khona kwama-pathologies angaphakathi afihliwe.

I-athikili ayikona ukubizela esenzweni!

Ukuze uthole ukucwaninga okuningiliziwe kwenkinga, sincoma ukuthi uxhumane nochwepheshe.

Buza udokotela wezilwane

Okthoba 5 2020

Kubuyekezwe: February 13, 2021