Amazinyo engulube yaseGuinea

Ngokusho kwabanikazi abaningi bezingulube ze-Guinea, izinkinga zamazinyo kanye nenqubo yokuyelapha yisikhubekiso esikhulu ekusebenzeni kwezilwane. Ukunganakwa kwalesi sihloko kugcwele imiphumela emibi kakhulu, futhi indlela yokwelapha engalungile iyimbangela evamile yokufa kwezingulube.

Izingulube zaseGuinea zinamazinyo angama-20: i-incisors ephezulu nangaphansi, awekho amazinyo e-canine (esikhundleni, igebe elibizwa ngokuthi i-diastema), i-premolars engaphezulu nephansi, kanye namapheya amathathu e-molars angaphezulu naphansi. Lawa mazinyo anezimpande ezivulekile akhula ngokuqhubekayo. Amazinyo engulube enempilo azohluka ngobude: amazinyo aphansi kufanele abe izikhathi ezingu-1,5 ubude kunamazinyo alinganayo emhlathini ongaphezulu.

Uqweqwe lwamazinyo lumhlophe, njengezilwane ezincelisayo eziningi.

Esithombeni sogebhezi lwengulube ye-Guinea ngezansi, kuyabonakala ukuthi i-Guinea pig ayinawo nhlobo amazinyo amane, njengoba abantu abaningi becabanga.

Njengoba ubona, izingulube ze-Guinea zinama-incisors amade kakhulu. Ama-incisors aphezulu naphansi angaba amasentimitha angu-1,5 ubude. Ama-incisors aphezulu naphansi kufanele afane ngobude.

Engulubeni yengulube enempilo, inqubo yokuluma, ukuhlafuna kanye nokuhlafuna ukudla (ikakhulukazi utshani, utshani kanye nezinye i-roughage) ngokuvamile igcina ubude bamazinyo bujwayelekile - iyahlukahluka, futhi ihlukile ngengulube ngayinye. Uma i-Guinea pig yakho idla kahle, amazinyo ayo azoguga ngokwemvelo njengoba kufanele.

Izingulube ze-Guinea ezinempilo AKUDINGEKI ukuthi zigaye amazinyo azo angaphambili. 

Amazinyo angemuva ezingulube ze-Guinea (molars) anzima kakhulu ukuwahlola. Zitholakala ekujuleni komlomo, ovame ukugcwala ukudla, okwenza ukuhlola kube nzima futhi kudinga usizo lukadokotela wezilwane namathuluzi akhethekile.

Amazinyo anempilo ezingulubeni ayisihluthulelo sempilo yazo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi izinkinga ezingalinda izingulube ze-Guinea namazinyo azo ukuze ubone inkinga ngesikhathi. Uhlu olulandelayo lwezifo zamazinyo luzokuqondisa kukho konke odinga ukukwazi ukuze ugcine amazinyo engulube yakho enempilo.

I-Malocclusion (malocclusion) yisifo esivamile ezingulubeni.

Amazinyo alunywe ngendlela engafanele, ngokuvamile awaphansi kahle noma made kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, ukwanda kwamazinyo angaphambili nangemuva kubonakala ngesikhathi esisodwa, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi amazinyo angaphambili kuphela akhula kakhulu. Uma ingulube ingakutholi ukudla okufanele, amazinyo angaphambili aqala ukugaya kabi. Ngokuvamile, ama-molar aphansi aqala ukukhula aye phambili futhi ngezinye izikhathi akhule abe olimini, kuyilapho ama-molar aphezulu akhula abheke ezihlathini. Amazinyo amade kakhulu aphazamisa ukuhlafuna ukudla okuvamile futhi angase abangele ukulimala emlonyeni womlomo.

Ngezinye izikhathi i-malocclusion ibangelwa ifa lofuzo, ikakhulukazi uma isimo senzeka kuma-gilts angaphansi kweminyaka emibili ubudala. Ukuhlukumezeka noma ukutheleleka kungathinta amazinyo, kubangele i-malocclusion. Izimo ezihambisana nokuphulwa kokudla (ukunciphisa umthamo, ukuba khona kokudla okunamanzi nokuthambile kuphela) kunomthelela ekukhuleni kwamazinyo futhi, ngenxa yalokho, kuholele ekutheni kube ne-malocclusion. 

Izimpawu ze-malocclusion ezingulubeni ze-Guinea:

• ingulube ayikudli ukudla, ikhetha izingcezu ezincane kuphela noma yenqaba nhlobo ukudla
• umlomo awuvule kancane
• ukulahlekelwa isisindo. Njengomthetho, lapho abanikazi beqaphela ukuthi kukhona okwenzekile engulube, isilwane sesivele silahlekelwe ingxenye ebalulekile yesisindo futhi siba yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi "isikhumba namathambo".
• ukuqhinqa. Ngokushesha nje lapho umlomo ungasavaleki ngokuphelele (ngenxa yamazinyo acwile kakhulu), izinwele ezisesilevini ziba manzi.

Isexwayiso sokuqala umnikazi angasithatha ukukala ibhande labo masonto onke. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela isigaba sokuqala sesifo ngesikhathi, lapho ingulube iqala ukulahlekelwa isisindo, ukuze uyimise.

Izimpawu ze-incipient malocclusion ku-guinea pig:

Phendula imibuzo:

• Ubona sengathi ingulube ihlafuna sengathi ithathe okuthile emlonyeni ifuna ukuyikhafula?
• Uyaqaphela yini ukuthi izindlebe zakho zinyakaza kakhulu ngenkathi uhlafuna ukudla?
• Ingabe kukhona okuphumayo ekhaleni noma emehlweni (kungase kubonise ithumba)?
• Awucabangi ukuthi ingulube ihlafuna uhlangothi olulodwa kuphela?
• Ingabe amazinyo angaphambili aphumile?
• Ingabe i-Guinea pig idla ngesilinganiso esifanayo nezinye? (Uma kukhona izingulube eziningana)
• Ingabe ingulube ingaluma noma iklebhule izingcezu zokudla?
• Ingabe ingulube ingadla isikhumba se-apula kalula njenge-apula ngokwalo?
• Ingabe iguinea pig iyahlafuna (ikakhulukazi izaqathi) noma inezicucu ezingacutshungulwayo eziphuma emlonyeni wayo?
• Ingabe i-Guinea pig ithatha ama-pellets emlonyeni wayo bese iwakhafula iwakhiphe?
• Ingabe i-Guinea pig ibonisa intshisekelo enkulu ekudleni kodwa ingakuthinti?
• Ingabe ingulube iyancipha kancane kancane isisindo?
• Ingabe kukhona ukuqhinqa?

Ukuxilongwa kwe-malocclusion ku-Guinea pig

Ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa okunembile, kuyadingeka ukuthintana nodokotela wezilwane owenza ukwelashwa kwamazinyo ezingulubeni. Ngokuvamile, kunzima ukusungula ukuxilongwa okunembile futhi ama-gilts athola ukwelashwa okungalungile.

Ukuncipha kwesisindo kuvame ukukhombisa i-scurvy ngenxa yokungadli ngokwanele. Abanye odokotela bezilwane belapha i-scurvy kodwa bakhohlwe umsuka wayo, i-malocclusion.

Ngokuvamile, odokotela bezilwane bagaya ama-incisors kuphela futhi bakhohlwe ama-molars amade ngokweqile, okudala izinkinga. Akubona bonke odokotela bezilwane abanolwazi, ikhono, kanye namathuluzi alungile nje okuxilonga ama-malocclusion noma ukuhlonza noma yiziphi ezinye izinkinga zamazinyo ngesikhathi esifanele.

Ukuhlolwa okuqondile komgodi womlomo kwenziwa kaningi ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia ejwayelekile, nakuba ukuhlolwa kokuqala kungenziwa ngaphandle kwe-anesthesia. Udokotela, ngosizo lomsizi ozobamba ngobumnene ama-mumps (isandla esisodwa ku-sacrum kanye nesinye esifundeni se-cervico-shoulder). Isihlukanisi sephedi ye-buccal singase sibe usizo ekuhloleni umgodi womlomo.

Naka imininingwane elandelayo:

• Ingabe udokotela wezilwane useke wasebenzisa isihlukanisi esihlathini?
• Ingabe udokotela wezilwane uthathe i-x-ray ukuze abheke izimpawu zethumba?
• Ingabe udokotela wezilwane wezwa ingaphandle lomhlathi efuna izingwegwe?

Ukwelashwa kwe-malocclusion ezingulubeni

Ama-molars akhula ngendlela engafanele ayagaywa futhi aphucuziwe (ngokuvamile ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia). Amazinyo angaphambili angase aqhekezwe noma abe ngaphansi. Kukhona ingozi yokuhlukana noma ukulimala ezinyo ngesikhathi sokugunda. Kwezinye izimo, amazinyo e-cavy adinga ukulungiswa njalo ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa.

Odokotela bezilwane abaningi bakhetha ukusebenzisa izinzwa phakathi nalezi zinqubo.

Inkinga enkulu kunazo zonke ukusetshenziswa kwe-anesthesia ezingulubeni ze-Guinea, okuvumela udokotela wezilwane ukuba enze ukuguqulwa okudingekayo. Nakuba kwaziwa kahle ukuthi azikho izinzwa emazinyweni, ngokuvamile odokotela baphikelela ngokubulala izinzwa ukuze umsebenzi wenziwe ngokucophelela nangokunembile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, odokotela bezilwane bayazi ukuthi i-anesthesia iyingozi enkulu empilweni yengulube, ngisho noma inempilo ngokuphelele. Ukubulala izinzwa engulubeni ekhathele noma elambile isikhathi esithile kuyindlela eqinisekile yokufa!

Izimpikiswano eziphikisana nokusebenza nesilwane ngaphandle kokubulala izinzwa ukuthi isilwane singaphansi kokucindezeleka okukhulu.

ASIKHO ISIZATHU ESINHLOSO SOKUDLA INGULUBE UKUZE ISIKWE AMA-PREMOLAR AYO NOMA IMOLA. UKUMSEBENZISA KUWUKUDABULA IMPILO YAKHE ENGOZINI ENKULU NGAPHANDLE KWESIZATHU!

Njengonogwaja, amazinyo e-Guinea pig akhula impilo yonke. Ngezinye izikhathi izimpande zamazinyo e-Guinea pig ziqala ukuba zinde noma zikhule zibe umhlathi.

Ukuhlolwa komgodi womlomo kungase kunganiki imiphumela futhi kungase kungasiboni lesi sifo. Nokho, amazinyo aphansi kwesinye isikhathi angazizwa engalingani eduze komhlathi ongezansi. Olunye uphawu lokwelula izimpande zamazinyo amehlo aphuma ngaphandle kwemvelo engulubeni.

Ukuze kutholakale ukuxilongwa okunembile okuhlotshaniswa nokwelulwa kwezimpande, indlela ethembeke kakhulu i-x-ray, ezosiza ukwenza ukuxilongwa okunembile.

Ngemuva kwe-X-ray, ukwelashwa kunqunyiwe. Ezingulubeni ezisezigabeni zokuqala zesifo, i-jaw ligation (sling) ivame ukusetshenziswa. I-Chin sling iyindlela entsha yokuguqula ukwelapha i-overbite ebangelwa yi-temporomandibular joint syndrome ngaphandle komsebenzi wamazinyo ohlaselayo. Le ndlela ibonise ukusebenza kahle kwayo okuphezulu.

Ingqikithi yendlela ukufakwa kwe-bandage yokunwebeka yomhlathi, esekela umhlathi endaweni oyifunayo, ukuze amazinyo angaphezulu naphansi asondelene. Ukucindezela okwandisiwe nokumelana kuvumela amazinyo ukuba agudle omunye komunye futhi kusiza i-gilt iphinde ithole amandla emisipha yomhlathi, okuzomsindisa ekugayeni kwamazinyo esikhathini esizayo. Lokhu kwelashwa futhi kuyasebenza ngemva kokugaya kokuqala kwe-molars ekhulile. I-Jaw ligation isekela umhlathi ngenkathi ikhuthaza ukuguga okuvamile kwamazinyo.

Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zamazinyo aphukile ezingulubeni yilezi:

1. Ukulimala noma ukuwa
2. Ukuntuleka kukavithamini C (kwandisa amathuba okubola kwamazinyo, njengoba uvithamini C edingeka ekukhuleni okuvamile kwamathambo namazinyo). 

Ngakho, i-Guinea pig inezinyo eliphukile. Ngeshwa. Okufanele ukwenze nokuthi uziphathe kanjani?

1. Qinisekisa ukuthi amazinyo asele awamade kangangokuba angalimaza inhlaka ephambene noma isikhumba emlonyeni. Uma izinyo liphukile kabi kakhulu, kukhona imbobo ku-gum futhi liphuma igazi, ngezikhathi ezithile geza isilonda emfucumfucwini yokudla nge-saline (ithisipuni likasawoti ojwayelekile wetafula elincibilikisiwe ku-0,5 wamalitha amanzi afudumele) usebenzisa isirinji encane. Uma ucezu lwezinyo lungalingani noma izinyo ngakolunye uhlangothi lilimaza umgodi womlomo (lokhu kungenzeka uma izinyo nempande kulahlekile), kungcono ukuthintana nodokotela wakho wezilwane. Udokotela wezilwane onolwazi angakwazi ukunquma i-chip engalingani noma anqume amazinyo uma eqala ukukhula ngaphandle kokuhleleka. 

2. Qiniseka ukuthi ingulube yakho ingadla. Kungase kudingeke ukuthi usike ukudla kube izingcezu ezincane noma ukuphakele ngesandla. Uma i-Guinea pig yakho ingakwazi ukusebenzisa isiphuzo sebhodlela, mnike uketshezi esipontshini noma emifino enamanzi ukuze athole umswakama owanele.

1. Uma singekho isizathu esisobala sokuphuka kwezinyo (ingulube ayizange iwe, ayizange iququde ekhejini, njll.), khona-ke inkinga kungenzeka kakhulu ukungabi khona kukavithamini C. Qinisekisa ukuthi ingulube ithola ngokwanele le vithamini. . I-Vitamin C ikhuthaza ukukhula kwamathambo, amazinyo aqinile anempilo futhi isheshisa inqubo yokuphola. Funda kabanzi mayelana nemithamo kanye nendlela yokunika izingulube ze-Guinea uvithamini C esihlokweni esithi "I-Vitamin C yezingulube ze-Guinea"

Kuma-gilts anamazinyo ajwayelekile anempilo, ukuphungula nokukala amazinyo uma ephukile akudingekile, futhi empeleni, kungase kubambezele ukululama futhi kubuyele emandleni okuluma nokuhlafuna ukudla. Kancane kancane, izinyo eliphukile lizokhula futhi maduzane lijoyine amanye. Lapho amazinyo evala, azopholishwa futhi ukulunywa kuzolunga futhi. Isizathu kuphela sokukhathazeka ukuthi izinyo elibhekene naleli eliphukile liklwebha ushingamu. Lokhu kungenzeka uma izinyo liphukile licishe lifike esisekelweni noma liphume ngokuphelele, liveze ushingamu. Uma ucezu lwezinyo lubonakala, khona-ke akukho lutho olungenziwa ngaphandle kokunikeza ingulube ukudla okuchotshoziwe kakhulu futhi ubukele eduze.

Izingulube zaseGuinea ezinamazinyo akhishiwe, aphukile nawile ziyashesha ukujwayela ukudla. Badonsa ukudla emlonyeni wabo ngokulawula ulimi lwabo. Uma ingulube ingenawo ama-incisors aphezulu noma aphansi asele, kunconywa ukuba uyondle ngokudla okuphansi.

Uma kuphela i-incisors eyodwa engenhla noma ephansi iphukile, futhi eyesibili ihlala injalo, ingulube ingadla kalula, njengoba yenza ngaphambili. Nokho, hlola ngemva kwesonto ukuze ubone ukuthi izinyo elisha seliqalile ukukhula yini.

Ngokuphambene nenkolelo evamile, izinyo elilahlekile noma amazinyo akulona usongo ku-guinea pig. Ingulube ngeke ibulawe yindlala njengoba besho ezinkundleni zokuxhumana.

Izingulube ezinempilo zizokhula nakanjani amazinyo amasha! Lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka emasontweni amabili kuya kwamathathu.

Abalimi abaningi abazi ngisho nokuthi izilwane ezifuywayo zilahlekelwe izinyo noma amazinyo ncamashi baze babone ukuthi ingulube ayidli lutho. Ngakho-ke, uma ubona ukuziphatha okungajwayelekile futhi okungavamile engulubeni yakho kanye nesiphakeli esigcwele, kuhambisana namehlo alambile, into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukuhlola ama-incisors. Uma oyedwa noma umbhangqwana ungatholakali, zilungiselele ukondla ingulube yakho njengengane amasonto ambalwa ngamazambane agayiwe nokudla okufana nophuthu (i-blender izokusiza!)

Kodwa ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa, amazinyo amasha, aqinile azophinde akhule, futhi azojabulisa wena kanye nengulube.

Nokho, ezinye izinkinga zingase ziphakame. Amazinyo amasha angase aqale ukukhula ngendlela ehlukile, aphazamise amanye amazinyo, okungase kungakhululeki eguinea pig.

Akuvamile, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kwenzeka ukuthi ingulube ye-Guinea ine-incisors yobude obuhlukene, naphezu kokuthi ukulunywa akuhlupheki nhlobo. Amacala anjalo amangaza ngisho nodokotela bezilwane abanolwazi, okungaholela ekuxilongweni okungalungile. Udokotela uzophikisana ngokuthi amazinyo amade ngokweqile, kodwa empeleni lokhu kuyisici somuntu ngamunye sale ngulube.

Umthetho uthi: uma ingulube inganciphisi isisindo, ngakho-ke ayinayo izinkinga ngamazinyo ayo!