i-cichlid yegolide

I-cichlid yegolide noma i-Melanochromis auratus, igama lesayensi i-Melanochromis auratus, ingeyomndeni wakwaCichlidae. Inombala osagolide omangalisayo onemigqa emikhulu evundlile. Uhlobo olunolaka kakhulu lunobudlelwane obuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu be-intraspecific, ngakho-ke kunzima kakhulu ukufaka omakhelwane kule nhlanzi, ngisho nokugcinwa okuhlangene kobulili bobubili akudingekile.

Le nhlanzi ingenye yama-cichlid okuqala afuywa ngempumelelo ukuhweba nge-aquarium. Kodwa-ke, ayilungele ama-aquarists aqalayo ngokunembile ngenxa yokuziphatha kwayo.

Izidingo nezimo:

• Umthamo we-aquarium - kusuka ku-200 amalitha.
• Izinga lokushisa - 23-28 ° C
• Inani pH - 7.0-8.5
• Ubulukhuni bamanzi - ubulukhuni obuphakathi (10–15 dH)
• Uhlobo lwe-substrate - isihlabathi noma amatshe
• Ukukhanyisa – okuphakathi
• Amanzi anosawoti - avunyelwe ekuhlanganiseni kwe-1,0002
• Ukunyakaza kwamanzi - okuqinile / okuphakathi
• Ubukhulu bungaba ngu-11 cm.
• Ukudla - ikakhulukazi ukudla kwezitshalo
• Ubude besikhathi sokuphila cishe iminyaka eyi-5.

habitat

Zitholakala eChibini laseMalawi e-Afrika, futhi zihlala endaweni enamatshe echibini ngasemaphethelweni aseningizimu nasentshonalanga. Imakwe ku-Red Book njengohlobo lokukhathazeka. Isimo esifanayo sijwayelekile ezakhamuzini eziningi zezinhlelo zamachibi ezivaliwe zezwekazi elimnyama. Emvelweni, zidla ulwelwe oluqinile olukhula emadwaleni nasematsheni, kanye ne-plankton kanye ne-zooplankton.

Incazelo

Inhlanzi encane ezacile, inomzimba omude onekhanda eliyindilinga. I-dorsal fin yinde, inwebeka cishe nomhlane wonke. Emgodleni womlomo kukhona ama-incisors - amazinyo aseduze komunye nomunye, aklanyelwe ukusika ama-algae ebusweni bamatshe namatshe.

Umbala wephansi uhlukile ngokulondolozwa kwemibala eyinhloko. Eyeduna inombala omnyama, ingemuva kanye nomugqa ovundlile kuwo wonke umzimba kuphuzi. I-dorsal fin iyashintshana namachashaza amnyama akha umugqa, umsila omnyama unamachashazi aphuzi onqenqemeni olungaphezulu. I-anal kanye ne-ventral fins zimnyama ezinomphetho oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Abesifazane, ngakolunye uhlangothi, banombala osagolide ikakhulukazi ngemithende emnyama evundlile. Umsila ulula namachashaza amnyama engxenyeni engenhla. I-dorsal fin inombala womzimba nomugqa omnyama ohlukile. Amanye amaphiko anombala osagolide ngokukhanyayo.

Zonke izingane zifana ngombala nezinsikazi, abesilisa abadala kunezinyanga eziyisi-6, abasungule indawo yabo, kancane kancane bathola umbala wesici. Ekhaya, lapho kugcinwa abesifazane kuphela ku-aquarium, owesifazane ovelele ekugcineni uzothola izici zangaphandle zowesilisa.

Ukudla

Izithako ze-Herbal kufanele zenze ingxenye enkulu yokudla kwakho. Uma kungenjalo, i-Golden Cichlid yamukela zonke izinhlobo zokudla okomile (ama-granules, ama-flakes, njll.) kanye nemikhiqizo yenyama (i-bloodworm, izibungu zezinambuzane, omiyane, njll.). I-spirulina eyomisiwe inconywa kakhulu njengokudla okuyisisekelo, nokunye ukudla okungeziwe ngokubona kwakho.

Ukugcinwa nokunakekelwa

Izinhlanzi zikhiqiza udoti omningi, ngakho-ke ukuvuselelwa kwamanzi masonto onke ka-25-50% kuyisidingo sokugcina ngempumelelo. Amanzi anezinga eliphezulu le-mineralization kanye ne-pH ephezulu (amanzi ane-alkaline). Ukulondolozwa kwemingcele edingekayo kungafinyelelwa ngokusebenzisa isihlabathi se-coral kanye / noma i-aragonite gravel emihle njenge-substrate, ifaka isandla ekwandeni kokuqina kwe-carbonate kanye ne-alkalization. Umphumela ofanayo ufinyelelwa lapho kusetshenziswa ama-marble chips kumpahla yokuhlunga yezihlungi. Okwakamuva kufanele kube nokusebenza okuphezulu ukuze kugcinwe ngempumelelo ibhalansi yezinto eziphilayo. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinjalo, imikhiqizo yokubola kwezinsalela eziphilayo (indle, ukudla okungadliwa, izingcezu zezitshalo) iba yingozi kakhulu futhi inganciphisa ngokushesha izinga le-pH, elizothinta kabi izakhamuzi zase-aquarium.

Idizayini izodinga izindawo zokukhosela eziningi ngendlela yama-grottoes, imihume, izindonga zamatshe. Kufanele zifakwe ngqo phansi ethangini bese kuphela zifafazwe ngenhlabathi. Izinhlanzi ziyakuthanda ukumba esihlabathini futhi uma izakhiwo zifakwe kuso, ukuwa kwenzeka. Izitshalo ezibukhoma zizodliwa ngokushesha, ngakho-ke ukuze wenze ushintsho, ungafaka i-orange yokufakelwa, ebomvu, imibala ensundu, kodwa hhayi eluhlaza.

Ukuziphatha komphakathi

Izinhlobo ezinolaka ngokwedlulele maqondana nezinye izinhlanzi kanye nezihlobo zazo. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi kwabesilisa. Ngokwemvelo, bahlala emindenini yesithembu endaweni ethile, lapho kukhona abesifazane abangu-6-8 ngowesilisa ngamunye, noma yimuphi imbangi uzohlaselwa ngokushesha. Ukugcinwa ngempumelelo kweqembu kungenzeka kuphela ku-aquarium enkulu (ngaphezu kwamalitha angama-400) enenani elanele lezindawo zokukhosela. Ukuba khona kwamanye abesilisa akwamukelekile, uzophathwa ulaka hhayi nje kwababusayo kuphela, kodwa nakwabesifazane. Ukuba khona kwezinye izinhlobo nakho akwamukelekile, kungenzeka ukuthi zibulawe.

Ethangini elincane lamalitha ayi-150-200, ungagcina owesilisa oyedwa kuphela noma abesifazane abaningana, futhi akukho okunye. Esikhaleni esincane esinababili besilisa/besifazane, laba bazobe behlaselwa njalo.

Ukuzalanisa / Ukukhiqiza kabusha

Ukuzalanisa kungenzeka ku-aquarium yasekhaya. Ama-cichlids egolide angabazali abazinikele futhi banakekele inzalo yabo. Uma uhlela ukuzalanisa, qiniseka ukuthi une-aquarium enkulu ukuze inhlanzi ngayinye ibe nendawo yokucasha. Ngesikhathi sokuzala, abesifazane ababonisi ulaka kunabesilisa.

Isikhuthazo sokuzala ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa libe ngu-26-28°C. Ukuqala kokuzala kunganqunywa umbala wesilisa, ugcwala kakhulu, ukukhanya kucishe kuphindwe kabili. Ezinsikazi zizalela amaqanda angaba ngu-40 futhi ngokushesha ziwagwinye emlonyeni wazo, khona-ke ushukumisa eyeduna ukuba ikhiphe ubisi, eluhogela, ngaleyo ndlela ivundise amaqanda emlonyeni wayo. Ezinsukwini ezingama-21, amaqanda ayakhula futhi athose avele. Yondla izimfanzi ze-brine nauplii nokudla okomile okugayiwe kahle ngezithako zemithi.

Ekuqaleni, insikazi igada inzalo futhi lapho isengozini encane iphephela emlonyeni wayo. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-3, izingane zifinyelela ubukhulu buka-2-3 cm, futhi ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, umbala ngamunye wabesilisa nabesifazane uvela. Ngalesi sikhathi, abesilisa kufanele badluliselwe kwelinye ithange noma badayiswe ngesikhathi kuze kube yilapho owesilisa ovelele eseqale ibhizinisi lakhe “elimnyama”.

Izifo zezinhlanzi

Ukuvuvukala kweMalawi kujwayelekile ezinhlanzini ezidabuka echibini elinegama elifanayo. Ihlotshaniswa ngokuyinhloko nezimo ezingafaneleki zokuvalelwa nokungondleki - ukuntuleka kwezingxenye zezitshalo. Usongo olukhulu lusemanzini amadala, angakaze abuyekezwe isikhathi esingaphezu kwesonto, imikhiqizo yokubola inqwabelana kuwo, okuholela ku-acidification, futhi lokhu, kuphazamisa ibhalansi kasawoti wangaphakathi emzimbeni wezinhlanzi. Funda kabanzi mayelana nezimpawu nokwelashwa esigabeni se-Aquarium Fish Diseases.