Geophagus Steindachner

I-Geophagus Steindachner, igama lesayensi elithi Geophagus steindachneri, ingeyomndeni wakwaCichlidae. Iqanjwe ngesazi sezilwane sase-Austria uFranz Steindachner, owaqala ukuchaza lolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi ngokwesayensi. Okuqukethwe kungabangela izinkinga ezithile ezihlobene nokwakheka kwamanzi kanye nezici zokudla okunomsoco, ngakho-ke akunconywa kuma-aquarists aqalayo.

habitat

Ivela eNingizimu Melika kusukela endaweni ye-Colombia yesimanje. Ihlala esigodini soMfula iMagdalena kanye nomngenela wawo omkhulu iCauka, enyakatho-ntshonalanga yezwe. Itholakala ezindaweni ezehlukene, kodwa ibonakala ikhetha izindawo zomfula phakathi kwehlathi elinemvula kanye namanzi angemuva azolile anesanti esingaphansi.

Ulwazi olufushane:

• Umthamo we-aquarium - kusuka ku-250 amalitha.
• Izinga lokushisa - 20-30 ° C
• Inani pH - 6.0-7.5
• Ubulukhuni bamanzi - 2-12 dGH
• Uhlobo lwe-substrate - olunesihlabathi
• Ukukhanyisa - kuthobile
• Amanzi anosawoti - cha
• Ukunyakaza kwamanzi kubuthakathaka
• Ubukhulu bezinhlanzi buyi-11-15 cm.
• Ukudla - ukudla okuncane okucwila okuvela ezinhlobonhlobo zemikhiqizo
• I-Temperament - ayinamoya
• Okuqukethwe kohlobo lwe-Harem - owesilisa oyedwa kanye nabesifazane abambalwa

Incazelo

Abantu abadala bafinyelela ubude obungaba ngu-11-15 cm. Kuye ngesifunda esithile semvelaphi, umbala wezinhlanzi uyahlukahluka kusuka ophuzi kuya obomvu. Amaduna makhudlwana ngokuphawulekayo kunezinsikazi futhi ane“hump” emakhanda awo isici salolu hlobo.

Ukudla

Idla ezansi ngokuhluza isihlabathi ifuna izinhlayiya zezitshalo nezinto eziphilayo ezihlukahlukene eziqukethwe kuyo (ama-crustaceans, izibungu, izikelemu, njll.). Ku-aquarium yasekhaya, izokwamukela imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene yokucwila, isibonelo, ama-flakes omile nama-granules ahlanganiswe nezingcezu ze-bloodworms, ama-shrimp, ama-mollusks, kanye ne-daphnia efriziwe, i-artemia. Izinhlayiya zokudla kufanele zibe zincane futhi zibe nezithako ezithathwe ezitshalweni.

Ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa, ukulungiswa kwe-aquarium

Ubukhulu obufanele be-aquarium yezinhlanzi ezi-2-3 buqala kusuka kumalitha angama-250. Ekwakhiweni, kwanele ukusebenzisa inhlabathi enesihlabathi kanye nezihibe ezimbalwa. Gwema ukufaka amatshe amancane namatshe angabhajwa emlonyeni wezinhlanzi ngesikhathi sokuncela. Ukukhanya kuyancipha. Izitshalo zasemanzini azidingeki, uma ufisa, ungatshala izinhlobo eziningana ezingenasizotha nezithanda umthunzi. Uma kuhlelwe ukuzalanisa, khona-ke amatshe amabili amakhulu ayisicaba abekwa phansi - izindawo ezingase zizalela kuzo.

I-Geophagus Steindachner idinga amanzi ekhwalithi ephezulu yokwakheka okuthile kwe-hydrochemical (ine-asidi kancane enokuqina kwe-carbonate ephansi) kanye nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-tannins. Emvelweni, lezi zinto zikhishwa ngesikhathi sokubola kwamaqabunga, amagatsha kanye nezimpande zezihlahla ezishisayo. Ama-tannin nawo angangena e-aquarium ngokusebenzisa amaqabunga ezihlahla ezithile, kodwa lokhu ngeke kube yisinqumo esingcono kakhulu, njengoba azovala inhlabathi esebenza “njengetafula lokudlela” le-Geophagus. Inketho enhle ukusebenzisa ama-essence aqukethe ukugxila okwenziwe ngomumo, amaconsi ambalwa azothatha indawo yamaqabunga ambalwa.

Indima eyinhloko ekuqinisekiseni izinga eliphezulu lamanzi labelwe uhlelo lokuhlunga. Izinhlanzi ohlelweni lokudla zidala ifu lokumiswa, elingakwazi ukuvala ngokushesha izinto zokuhlunga, ngakho-ke lapho ukhetha isihlungi, ukubonisana nochwepheshe kuyadingeka. Uzophakamisa imodeli ethile kanye nendlela yokubeka ukuze kuncishiswe ukuvaleka okungenzeka.

Okubaluleke ngokufanayo yizinqubo ezijwayelekile zokunakekela i-aquarium. Okungenani kanye ngesonto, udinga ukufaka esikhundleni ingxenye yamanzi ngamanzi ahlanzekile ngo-40-70% wevolumu, futhi ususe njalo imfucuza yezinto eziphilayo (izinsalela zokudla, indle).

Ukuziphatha Nokuhambisana

Abesilisa abadala banobutha komunye nomunye, ngakho-ke kufanele kube nowesilisa oyedwa kuphela ku-aquarium enkampanini yabesifazane ababili noma abathathu. Isabela ngokuzolile kubameleli bezinye izinhlobo zezilwane. Ihambisana nezinhlanzi ezingezona ezinolaka zosayizi ofanayo.

Ukuzalanisa / ukuzalanisa

Abesilisa banesithembu futhi lapho kuqala isikhathi sokukhwelana bangakha amapheya esikhashana nabesifazane abambalwa. Njengendawo yokuzalela, izinhlanzi zisebenzisa amatshe ayisicaba noma enye indawo eqinile eyisicaba.

Eyeduna iqala ukuqomisana okuthatha amahora ambalwa, ngemva kwalokho eyesikazi iqala ukubeka amaqanda amaningana ngamaqoqo. Ngokushesha uthatha ingxenye ngayinye ayifake emlonyeni wakhe, futhi ngaleso sikhathi esifushane, lapho amaqanda ephezu kwetshe, iduna liyakwazi ukuwavundisa. Ngenxa yalokho, i-clutch yonke isemlonyeni wesifazane futhi izoba khona isikhathi sonke sokufukamela - izinsuku ezingu-10-14, kuze kube yilapho kuvela i-fry futhi iqala ukubhukuda ngokukhululekile. Ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila, bahlala eduze futhi, uma kwenzeka ingozi, bacasha ngokushesha endaweni yabo yokukhosela.

Indlela enjalo yokuvikela inzalo yesikhathi esizayo ayilona nje lolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi; isabalele ezwenikazi lase-Afrika ngama-cichlids asuka emachibini iTanganyika naseMalawi.

Izifo zezinhlanzi

Isizathu esiyinhloko sezifo sisezimweni zokuvalelwa, uma zidlula ibanga elivumelekile, khona-ke ukucindezelwa kokuzivikela komzimba kwenzeka nakanjani futhi izinhlanzi ziba sengozini yezifo ezihlukahlukene ezikhona ngokungenakugwenywa emvelweni. Uma kuvela izinsolo zokuqala zokuthi inhlanzi iyagula, isinyathelo sokuqala ukuhlola imingcele yamanzi kanye nokuba khona kokugxila okuyingozi kwemikhiqizo yomjikelezo we-nitrogen. Ukubuyiselwa kwezimo ezijwayelekile/ezifanelekile kuvame ukukhuthaza ukuphulukiswa. Nokho, kwezinye izimo, ukwelashwa kudingekile. Funda kabanzi mayelana nezimpawu nokwelashwa esigabeni se-Aquarium Fish Diseases.