I-Counterconditioning: kuyini?

Enye yezindlela zokulungisa ukuziphatha kwenkinga kanye nemfundo yenja (ikakhulukazi, ukujwayela izinqubo ezingathandeki) - ukuphikisana. Kuyini i-counterconditioning nokuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani ngendlela efanele?

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Yini i-counterconditioning?

I-Counterconditioning yigama elizwakala kabi, kodwa empeleni akukho lutho olubi ngalo. I-Counterconditioning ekuqeqesheni nasekulungiseni ukuziphatha kwezinja kuwushintsho ekuphenduleni ngokomzwelo kwesilwane ku-stimulus ethile.

Ukukubeka kalula, kulapho sifundisa inja ukuthi izinto ezesabekayo engqondweni yakhe azisabi kangako, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ziyajabulisa.

Ngokwesibonelo, inja yesaba abantu engabazi futhi ibakhonkothe. Simfundisa ukuthi ukuba khona kwabantu esingabazi kuthembisa isilwane sethu injabulo enkulu. Ingabe inja yakho iyamesaba umsiki wezinzipho? Simfundisa ukuthi leli thuluzi ezandleni zethu liyi-harbinger yezinto eziningi ezinhle.

Ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-counterconditioning ekuqeqesheni inja?

I-counterconditioning ekuqeqesheni izinja yayisekelwe ekuhlolweni kososayensi odumile u-Ivan Pavlov ekwakhiweni kwe-reflex ene-conditioned. Eqinisweni, sakha i-reflex enesimo esisha ekuphenduleni isivuseleli esesabisayo noma esingajabulisi.

Okokuqala, udinga ukuthola okuthile okuzoba ukuqinisa okufanelekile kwenja. Ngokuvamile, othandekayo (othandwa ngempela!) Uphatha njenge-reinforcement, engavamile ukunikezwa isilwane esifuywayo empilweni evamile. Ngokwesibonelo, izingcezu ezincane ushizi. Ukuphatha kuzoba ithuluzi eliyinhloko.

Umsebenzi owengeziwe usekelwe eqinisweni lokuthi inja yethulwa ngento ecasulayo (yini eyethusayo noma eyiphazamisayo) kude lapho inja isivele iyibona into, kodwa isalokhu izolile. Bese umnika ubumnandi. Njalo uma inja ibona isikhuthazo, inikezwa ubumnandi. Futhi kancane kancane unciphise ibanga futhi ukhulise ukushuba kwesikhuthazo.

Uma konke kwenziwa ngendlela efanele, khona-ke inja izokwakha inhlangano: ecasulayo = okuningi okumnandi nokujabulisayo. Futhi inja izojabula ngomsiki wezinzipho, eyayikade imesaba kakhulu.