I-Brachiocephalic Syndrome Ezinjeni Namakati

I-Brachiocephalic Syndrome iqoqo lezimpawu zomtholampilo ezibonisa ukungasebenzi kahle kokuphefumula okwenzeka ezinjeni nasemakati anogebhezi lobuso obufushanisiwe. Izilwane ezinjalo zibizwa ngokuthi ama-brachycephals. Ukufinyezwa kwengxenye yobuso yogebhezi ku-brachycephals ngokuvamile kuholela kwezinye iziphazamiso ze-anatomical kanye ne-pathogenetic:

• umehluko phakathi kobukhulu bomhlathi ongezansi kanye nobukhulu bongenhla kanye nokwakheka kwe-malocclusion.
• Ukuminyana ngokweqile kwamazinyo emhlathini ongenhla, okuholela ekufudukeni kwawo ekukhuleni kwawo. Asikho isikhala esanele ethanjeni se-alveoli yamazinyo (izikhala lapho izimpande zamazinyo zitholakala khona), amazinyo angaphendulwa ngo-90 ° noma ngaphezulu, angagqama emgqeni jikelele;
• ukuhlukumezeka unomphela kwezindebe nezinsini ngamazinyo abekwe ngendlela engafanele;
• Ukuminyana kwamazinyo kudala izimo ezivumayo zokukhula kwebhaktheriya akha i-plaque kanye ne-calculus futhi abangele isifo se-periodontal, futhi isilwane singase sibe nobuhlungu obungapheli.

Inani eleqile lezicubu ezithambile zekhanda uma kuqhathaniswa nosayizi wogebhezi:

• ukugoqa okuningi kwesikhumba emlonyeni kungaholela ekuqubukeni kwe-diaper, ukutheleleka, izinto zangaphandle zibambeke;
• isakhiwo esingavamile somsele we-nasolacrimal, ngenxa yalokho izinyembezi zigeleza njalo ngaphandle, zakha "imivimbo" engcolile emlonyeni;
• i-stenosis yekhala - okungukuthi ubuncane bayo. Idala ubunzima obuthile ekudwebeni emoyeni. Endabeni yokuvinjelwa okukhulu - kuze kufike ekuvimbeni okuphelele lapho uzama ukuphefumula ujule. 
• hyperplasia (ukukhula) kolwanga oluthambile. Ulwanga oluthambile lucwila ngemuva kwe-epiglottis, luvimbe ukungena komoya kuqhoqhoqho. Ukudlidliza kolwanga oluthambile ku-pharynx kubangela ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala, kuqhubeke kulimaze i-patency yomoya.
• i-trachea eyisicaba, emincane (hypoplastic) nayo idala isithiyo ekugelezeni komoya;
• i-hyperplasia kanye ne-eversion ye-vestibular folds ye-larynx ("amaphakethe", "ama-tracheal sacs") aholela ekuweni kwe-larynx;
• ukunciphisa ukuqina kwe-cartilage ye-larynx;
• ukwephulwa kwe-thermoregulation - ukungakwazi ukuphefumula ngomlomo, ukuthambekela kokushisa ngokweqile kanye nokungakwazi ukulungisa izinguquko ngaphansi kwethonya lokushisa eliphezulu;
• ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala kwe-membrane ye-mucous yendlela yokuphefumula ephezulu, okubangela ukuba balahlekelwe imisebenzi yabo yokuzivikela;
• ukuvinjelwa kubangela ukwanda komfutho emigwaqweni yomoya kanye nokungatholakali okwanele komoyampilo egazini.
• ukucindezela okukhulayo endaweni yokuphefumula ephezulu kubangela i-vasoconstriction (i-vasoconstriction ngokuyinhloko emaphashini), okuholela ekukhuphukeni komfutho wegazi we-pulmonary kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokuhluleka kwenhliziyo ohlangothini lwesokudla (umthwalo owandayo ku-atrium efanele kanye ne-ventricle yangakwesokudla).
• ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo kungaba kubi kakhulu lapho kungabikho ukutholakala kwe-oksijini evamile kanye nokushisa komzimba okuphakeme, futhi kungase kuholele edema yamaphaphu.
• i-pulmonary edema, i-asphyxia (ukuphelelwa umoya) kanye nokwehluleka kwenhliziyo okunamandla ngaphandle kosizo oluphuthumayo kuholela ekufeni kwesilwane.

Izinhlobo ze-brachycephalic zihlanganisa amakati asePheresiya, izinhlobo ezingavamile, namakati aseBrithani nawo angaba nohlobo olufanayo lwe-muzzle. Izinja ezinengxenye yobuso obufushane yogebhezi: ama-bulldogs, ama-pugs, i-petit-brabancon ne-griffon, i-shih tzu, i-Pekingese nabanye.

Yini ebangela i-brachiocephalic syndrome

Imbangela itholakala ekufinyezweni kwengaphambili logebhezi lwekhanda. Ngenxa yalokhu, kukhona ukuguqulwa kwemigudu yomoya yenja noma yekati. Ngenxa yobunzima bokuphefumula, i-edema nokuvuvukala kwe-mucous membranes kuvame ukuvela, okuphinde kuholele ku-tissue hyperplasia, ushintsho lwabo. Kukhona uhlobo lombuthano ononya. Isimo siba sibi nakakhulu ukuzalaniswa kwezilwane ngendlela engafanele. Kuya ngokwandayo, ukuzalanisa kuvame ukuba nekhala, futhi izinhlobo eziningi ziya ngokuya ziba nekhala elifushane, okulimaza kakhulu izinga lempilo yezilwane. Izimpawu zibonakala kakhulu eminyakeni engu-2-4 ubudala.

Izimpawu zomtholampilo

I-brachiocephalic syndrome iphazamisa kakhulu impilo yakho kokubili amakati nezinja. Akubona bonke abanikazi abaqaphela izinguquko esimweni sesilwane sabo. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kubangelwa ukukhula kancane kancane kwezimpawu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kumane nje kubangelwa izici zohlobo - "satshelwa ukuthi wonke ama-pugs aphefumula kanjalo." Nokho, umnikazi onekhono kufanele ahlole futhi aqaphe isimo sesilwane sakhe esifuywayo. Izimpawu ze-brachycephalic syndrome:

• Ukuvinjelwa okubonakalayo kwamakhala.
• Ukuqina okusheshayo.
• I-Dyspnea.
• Ukuphefumula kanzima.
• Hona.
• Ukuhlasela okufana nokuqunjelwa ngenxa yenjabulo noma umsebenzi womzimba.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumula: ukunamathela emakhaleni, ukubandakanyeka kwemisipha eyengeziwe yokuphefumula, ukudonsa amakhona ezindebe (i-inspiratory dyspnea);
• Umbala ophaphathekile noma oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka wolwelwesi lwamafinyila.
• Izinga lokushisa liyakhuphuka.
• Ukusinda.
• Ukopha ngamakhala.
• Ubunzima bokugwinya, isicanucanu nokuhlanza.
• Ukuqhakaza.
• Khwehlela.

Diagnostics

Izimpawu ze-brachiocephalic syndrome zingase zifane namanye ama-pathologies. Kubalulekile ukuwahlukanisa. Ngisho nomnikazi wekhala angakubona kalula ukuncipha. Kodwa-ke, sincoma ukuthi usabonisana nodokotela, njengoba lokhu kungase kungabi inkinga kuphela. Ngemva kokuhlolwa, udokotela uzoqhuba i-auscultation-lalela ukuphefumula. Izinja ezine-brachiocephalic syndrome zinamathuba amaningi okuba ne-dyspnea ekhuthazayo. Kwezinye izimo, ukuhlonza izimpawu ze-hypoplasia, ukuwa koqhoqhoqho futhi kungafaki izinkinga ngendlela ye-bronchitis ne-pneumonia, ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray kwesifuba nentamo kuyadingeka. Kungenzeka ukubona ngeso lengqondo i-palate ethambile, i-trachea, i-nasal cavity kusuka ngaphakathi kuphela ngosizo lwe-endoscope, idivayisi ekhethekile ngesimo se-tube enekhamera ekugcineni. Ngokuvamile, lolu cwaningo, lapho kutholakala i-pathology, ngokushesha kuhlanganiswe nokwelashwa, ngoba ngenxa yobunzima bokuphefumula kanye nokunikezwa komoya-mpilo ebuchosheni, ukunikeza okuphindaphindiwe kwe-anesthesia nokususwa kuyo akufiseleki.

Izinkinga

Ngenxa yokungangeni kahle komoya, kukhona ukugcwala okubuthakathaka kwegazi nge-oxygen - hypoxia. Umzimba wonke uyahlupheka. Ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo okukhulu kungase kwenzeke. Ngenxa ye-edema eqhubekayo nokuvuvukala, i-microflora ye-pathogenic iyanda, izilwane ziba sengozini yezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane. Izingozi ze-rhinotracheitis ezinzima, i-pneumonia, i-bronchitis ziyanda, ngakho-ke ukulawulwa nokuxhumana okufika ngesikhathi nodokotela wezilwane kuyadingeka.

Ukwelashwa

Ama-antibiotics kanye nokwelashwa okulwa nokuvuvukala kungase kudingeke ukuze kudambise izimpawu ezinzima. Okunye ukwelashwa kuvame ukuhlinzwa. Khiqiza ukukhishwa kwe-palate ethambile, amasaka we-laryngeal. Amakhala anwetshwa kusetshenziswa amasu okuhlinzwa epulasitiki. I-trachea egoqiwe ngezinye izikhathi idinga i-stent. Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, kuzodingeka futhi unikeze ama-antimicrobial. Ukuhlinzwa kungathuthukisa kakhulu izinga lempilo yesilwane sakho esifuywayo. Vele, ngaphambi kwalokhu, kuzodingeka kwenziwe uchungechunge lwezifundo ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi azikho iziphambano ezibukhali ekuhlinzeni kusenesikhathi futhi ukhethe ukwesekwa okulungile kokubulala izinzwa. Ekhaya, kungcono ukungavezi inja ene-brachiocephalic syndrome ekucindezelekeni, ukwandisa umsebenzi womzimba, nokushisa ngokweqile. Kubuye kunconywe ukuvimbela ukukhuluphala, njengoba kwandisa isimo sesilwane kuphela. Uma kwenzeka ukuhlaselwa kobunzima bokuphefumula, ungaba nesilinda somoya-mpilo ekhaya, kodwa ungalibali ngokwelashwa kokuhlinzwa. Zonke izilwane zezinhlobo ze-brachycephalic kufanele zihlolwe njalo ngudokotela wezilwane ukuze kutholakale izinguquko ze-anatomical ezisongela impilo.