Ama-dinosaurs ayi-10 asabekayo nayingozi kakhulu emhlabeni

Ukufunda ulwazi mayelana nama-dinosaurs, kuba nzima - lezi zilwane ezinkulu azizona izinganekwane zababhali bezinganekwane zesayensi, lezi izidalwa zangempela ezazikhona eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingu-201 edlule emhlabeni. Ama-dinosaurs ama-superorder maningi, aqukethe izinhlobo ezincane nezingenabungozi, kanye nezilo zangempela. Ama-dinosaurs amabi kakhulu futhi ayingozi kakhulu emhlabeni ngabantu abakhulu nabanamandla abahlome ngezinzipho namazinyo abukhali.

10 i-irritator

I-irritator edla inyama yayihlala endaweni yaseBrazil yesimanje eminyakeni engaba yizigidi eziyi-110 edlule. Ubude bomuntu kusukela ekhaleni kuya esihlokweni somsila buyi-7-8 m, ukuphakama ubude buyi-2,5 m, okungasivumeli ukuba sihlukanise lezi zinhlobo njengezikhulu kunazo zonke, kodwa akusho nhlobo ukuthi yayingenabungozi. Ngokusho kogebhezi lwekhanda le-irritator, kwakungenzeka ukuthi kutholakale ukuthi imihlathi ifana nezingwenya. Lokhu kwamvumela ukuba akhiphe kalula izinhlanzi emanzini - ingxenye eyinhloko yokudla, futhi aphinde adle ngempumelelo ama-dinosaurs amancane adla uhlaza. I-monster evela enkathini ye-Cretaceous yahamba ngokushesha emilenzeni emibili, i-dexterity ne-agility inxeshezelwa ngokugcwele ngobukhulu bayo obuncane.

Okuthakazelisayo: uhlobo lwe-irritator - enye yalezo ezishiwo encwadini ka-Arthur Conan Doyle ethi "The Lost World".

9. Velociraptor

Ama-Velociraptors ngokubukeka kunzima ukubeka phakathi kwabameleli abesabekayo kakhulu bomndeni wama-dinosaur, ngoba ayemancane kakhulu ngobukhulu - angaba ngu-60 cm ubude futhi angabi ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-2 ubude kuze kube sekugcineni komsila omude. Kodwa-ke, isimilo nokuziphatha kwabo akuhambisani nakancane nombono wokuqala - ama-velociraptor ayenonya kakhulu futhi enolaka. Babedla kakhulu izilwane ezincane ezidla uhlaza, lapho babesizwa khona ngamasu obuqili. Izilwane ezidla ezinye zahlasela isisulu, zabambelela entanyeni nasekhanda ngemilenze yangemuva enezinzipho, zadabula imithambo ebangela amanxeba okufa.

Uzipho olukhulu olugobile ezithweni zangemuva lwalusiza umzingeli ukuba anqamule inyama yembangi ewile ngaphandle kobunzima obuningi.

8. I-Dilophosaurus

Isibankwa esiyingozi i-Dilophosaurus akuyona nje enye yezibankwakazi eziyingozi kakhulu, kodwa futhi iyinkanyezi yefilimu edumile iJurassic Park. Wonke umuntu owayeyibhekile wayekhumbula kahle izilo ezesabekayo ezinomlomo ogcwele amazinyo abukhali namakhanda amabili agqamile. Ubude besampula enkulu kunazo zonke, izinsalela ososayensi abakwazile ukuzithola, zingamamitha angu-7, isisindo singama-400 kg. Abameleli balolu hlobo, nakuba babehamba ngemilenze yangemuva, imilenze yangaphambili nayo yayinamandla. Bazisebenzisa ukuze babulale amanxeba. Isici esingavamile salolu hlobo yikhono lokuqoshama nokuphumula, ukuthatha isimo esifana nesezinyoni zesimanje.

7. I-Megalosaurus

I-bipedal megalosaurus yaba i-dinosaur yokuqala izinsalela zayo zatholwa ngumuntu. Kuze kube manje, akukaze kwenzeke ukucacisa ukuthi yayibukeka kanjani, njengoba kungekho nowodwa uhlaka lwamathambo oluphelele olutholakele. Ngobude, abameleli bezinhlobo bafinyelela kumamitha angu-9, babenentamo ende futhi ehambayo, ingaphambili elifushane kanye nezitho zangemuva ezinamandla. Amazinyo e-Megalosaurus ayesabeka kakhulu - made futhi makhulu, anamathiphu agobile ngaphakathi ukuze abambe inyamazane. Isilwane esizingelayo esinamakhilogremu ayizinkulungwane sanyakaza ngokushesha, okwamvumela ukuba azingele ngokuphumelelayo.

6. I-Carcharodontosaurus

I-Carcharodontosaurus iyisilo sangempela ngisho nangezindinganiso zama-dinosaurs. Abantu balolu hlobo babehlala endaweni yase-Afrika yanamuhla futhi bafinyelela ubukhulu obukhulu - amamitha angu-16 ubude futhi angaba ngu-4 ukuphakama, okubenza babe esinye sezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezinkulu kakhulu. I-skull yonke ayizange itholakale kuze kube yilolu suku, kunezingxenye ezihlukene kuphela, kodwa amandla abo ahlaba umxhwele - amanye amazinyo afinyelela ku-20 cm ubude. Kucatshangwa ukuthi bazingela ama-titanosaurs amakhulu e-herbivorous, ubude bawo obufinyelela kumamitha angu-40. Leli qiniso libonisa kahle amandla namandla e-carcharodontosaurus.

5. I-Spinosaurus

Igama elithi "Spinosaurus" lihunyushwa ngokwezwi nezwi lisuka kwisiLatini ngokuthi "isibankwa esinamaphiko". Imibono mayelana nokubukeka kwe-monster yangaphambi komlando yashintsha izikhathi eziningana ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezinto. Kuze kube manje, kukholakala ukuthi isilwane sahamba emilenzeni emi-2, cishe sasihola indlela yokuphila yasemanzini futhi sasinoseyili we-trapezoidal emhlane. Lona uhlobo olukhulu lwama-dinosaurs, abameleli ubude bafinyelela kumamitha angu-16 futhi babe nesisindo samathani angu-7-10.

Useyili othize uyisici sesakhiwo somgogodla - wakhiwa izinqubo ezinkulu ze-dorsal kanye ne-caudal vertebrae. Imihlathi ye-Spinosaurus mincane futhi yinde, inamazinyo amakhulu, abukhali. Izinzipho eziqinile nazo zadlala indima ebalulekile ekuzingeleni inyamazane. Ukwakheka komhlathi walesi silo kucace kakhulu, ngakho ososayensi basikisela ukuthi yazingela kuphela labo bantu eyayingabagwinya bephelele, kuhlanganise nabahlala emanzini.

4. IGiganotosaurus

I-Giganotosaurus ichazwa ngohlaka lwamathambo olwatholakala ngo-1995 e-Argentina yanamuhla. Ubude bomzimba - amamitha ayi-12-13, isisindo esingamathani angama-7-8. Lolu hlobo lungenye yezinhlobo ezinhlanu ezinkulu ze-theropods (enkulu kunazo zonke i-Spinosaurus, i-Giganotosaurus isendaweni yesibili). Inyamazane ye-dinosaur edla inyama yayingabantu abakhulu abadla uhlaza, ngoba ukuyizingela kwathuthukisa isivinini esikhulu (kufika ku-50 km ngehora) futhi yayinohlelo oluthuthukisiwe lwama-crests ogebhezini, olwandisa amandla ayo empini. Ngokubukeka, ama-Giganotosaur afana nama-tyrannosaurs aziwayo.

Iqiniso elihehayo: yi-giganotosaurus emelelwa njengesilo esikhulu efilimini ethi Uhambo Oluya Esikhungweni Somhlaba.

3. I-Ceratosaurus

Ummeleli wenkathi ye-Jurassic, i-Ceratosaurus iwuhlobo oludlayo, olunamalungu angemuva anamandla nobude bomzimba obungamamitha ayi-7-8. Isici esihlukile uphondo lokukhulula emathanjeni ekhala kanye nama-protrusions amabili aqinile ngaphezu kwamehlo. Kuwo wonke umugqa wangemuva, abameleli bezinhlobo babenama-osteoderms - ama-ossified protrusions. Izilo ezinjalo zazihlala eduze nemithombo yamanzi futhi ngokuyinhloko zizingela izilwane zasemanzini, nokho, zazingayideleli inyama yabantu basemhlabeni.

Ugebhezi lwekhanda lwe-Ceratosaurus lwalulukhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nobukhulu bomzimba, futhi nakuba lungenakubizwa ngokuthi luqine kakhulu ngesakhiwo. Imihlathi yayiqinile futhi igcwele amazinyo amakhulu abukhali. Ukubukeka okukhumbulekayo nokuthusayo kwenza i-dinosaur yaba usaziwayo wangempela - ivame ukuvela kumafilimu nezincwadi zesimanje.

2. I-Carnotaurus

I-Carnotaurus ingenye yezinhlobo ezimbalwa ezinkulu lapho ukubukeka kwazo kanye nesimo sokwakheka kwazo kungasungulwa ngokuthembekile kusuka kuhlaka lwamathambo oluphelele. Isibankwa esinomzimba ongu-8 mm sasihamba emilenzeni yangemuva enamandla, futhi imilenze yangaphambili yancishiswa yaba phezulu - yehliswa yaba osayizi abangasebenzi. Lena akuyona idayinaso enkulu kunazo zonke, wayengenamazinyo amakhulu, kodwa lokhu akumenzi angabi nangozi.

Ngokuphambene nalokho, inani elikhulu lamazinyo amancane nabukhali lisika kalula inyamazane, futhi ugebhezi olubuthakathaka lwaluthuthuke i-kinetics - amalunga phakathi kwamathambo ayehamba, ngakho abantu bangagwinya izingcezu ezinkulu zenyama ngisho nezilwane ezithile ziphelele. Ama-Carnotaur ahlasele ngokushesha futhi ngokunembile, ngenxa yokuthi akwazi ukulawula izindawo ezinkulu.

1. I-Theresinosaurus

Ama-Theresinosaurs ayehlala enkathini ye-Cretaceous, lokhu kuyinhlobo eyingqayizivele, ukubonakala kwayo okungenakwenzeka ukubuyisela ngokuphelele ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamathambo aphelele. Amaqiniso Aziwayo:

• isisindo esingamathani angu-6;
• ubude 9-12 amamitha;
• imilenze yangaphambili emide (amamitha angu-2,5-3);
• izitho zangemuva ezinezinzipho ezi-4 ezisekelayo;
• ubukhona ezidlalweni zangaphambili zezinzipho ezi-3 (cishe imitha elilodwa ubude).

Akwaziwa ngokuqinisekile ukuthi i-Terezinosaurus yadlani, ososayensi bayihlukanisa njengesilwane esidla uhlaza kakhulu. Kodwa inhloso yezinzipho ezesabekayo isalokhu iyimfihlakalo, enye yemibono iyisikhali sokulwa nabantu abadla inyama. Ukuzijwayeza okunjalo ezithweni ezinde kwanikeza ngokucacile ama-rezinosaur inzuzo enkulu ekulweni. Abameleli bezinhlobo zezilwane bafakwe ku-Guinness Book of Records njengama-dinosaurs ayinqaba kakhulu.