Nini ukondla inja: ngaphambi noma ngemva kokuhamba?

Kunjani ukugaya ezinjeni?

Isici sohlelo lokugaya inja njengesilwane esidla inyama ukuguquguquka kwayo ekucutshungulweni kwenyama, amathambo kanye nengxenye ye-cartilaginous ewaxhumayo.

Inqubo yokugaya inja ibonakala kanje:

• Ukudla okuchotshoziwe ngamazinyo (kanye nezicucu eziphelele) kungena esiswini nge-esophagus;

• Ngenxa yama-enzyme akhethekile aqukethwe esiswini, ukugaya amaprotheni kwenzeka kuwo;

• Ukwehliswa kwezindonga zesisu kusiza ukudla okungenile ukuxubana, kuguquke kube yi-mushy mass (chyme), futhi kuqhubekele emathunjini amancane;

• Ku-duodenum, ngokusebenzisa ama-enzyme afihliwe ngamathumbu (ama-catalysts) kanye nama-pancreas (i-insulin, ingena egazini futhi ilawula ushukela kulo), ukugaya ukudla kuqediwe;

• Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-bile ikhiqizwa isibindi, esilandela kusuka ku-gallbladder kuya emathunjini. I-Bile yiyona eyenza indle yenja ibe nombala wayo;

• Phakathi nezinqubo ezingenhla, izakhi ezivela ekudleni zingena emzimbeni wesilwane;

• Amanzi amuncwa emathunjini amakhulu, futhi izinsalela zokudla okungagayeki kanye nezakhi ze-inorganic ziqoqana ku-rectum, lapho zikhishwa khona ngendlela yendle ngokukhipha.

Ngokuphawulekayo, inqubo yokugaya inja ikhuthaza ukuphuma kwamathe okuchichimayo, okuqukethe into ebulala amagciwane, i-lysozyme. Ngenxa yakhe, ulwelwesi lwamafinyila lomlomo ngaphakathi ngeke luvuthwe ngenxa yokusikeka ngamathambo.

Emvelweni evulekile, inja iyisilwane esizingelayo. Ukuzingela inyamazane kungase kungaphumeleli isikhathi eside; lapho unenhlanhla, inja idinga ukudla ngendlela efanele ukuze umuzwa wokusutha ungashiyi isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka. Isisu senja sijwayelana nalokhu, ukuqinisekiswa kwalokhu ukunwebeka kwayo okuqinile nokufinyela.

Ngokungafani nezilwane ezidla uhlaza kanye nabantu, ithumbu lenja elifushane alinaso isikhathi sokugaya ukudla kwezitshalo. Naphezu kwalokhu, imifino nezithelo ziyadingeka esilwaneni. Ikakhulukazi ngenkathi efudumele. Zibalulekile futhi njengomthwalo owengeziwe emathunjini, kanye nokuthuthukisa ukufinyela kwayo (peristalsis). Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-fiber eyenza isisekelo sokudla kwezitshalo ihlehliswe kancane engxenyeni eyimpumputhe yamathumbu.

Ukuze kufane nokudla okuvamile, ukudlula komgudu wokugaya ukudla kufanele kusheshe ngokwanele. Izingxenye ezintathu ze-peristaltic zinesibopho salokhu:

1. ifomu elisebenzayo - kubonakala ngokunwebeka okuqinile kwesisu namathumbu;

2. ifomu langemuva – etholakala emathunjini enja ngisho nalapho kungekho kudla kuwo futhi uma inja ilele;

3. Ifomu eliqinisiwe - okwenziwa ngesikhathi sokunyakaza kwenja ngenxa yomsebenzi wemisipha.

Cabangela indlela inyamazane edla ngayo endaweni yaso engokwemvelo. Inja ibamba isisulu isidle. Ukudla okukhulu okugwinywe kubangela ukuba isisu sinwebe, ngemva kwalokho ukufinyela okusebenzayo kwamathumbu kuqala. Ngenkathi lezi zinqubo zenzeka ngaphakathi, inja iphumule, cishe ayinyakazi. Kancane kancane, inani lokudla okugayiwe liyakhula, kuyilapho isisu senja sifinyela futhi ingxenye enkulu yamathumbu emathunjini ikhululwa. Ngemva kwalokho, inja iqala kabusha umsebenzi wezimoto, ngenxa yokuthi ukudla okusele kudonswa. Lapho umgudu wokugaya ukudla ungenalutho, isisu siyancipha ngangokunokwenzeka futhi umuzwa wendlala uyangena - umhlaseli uphinde ulungele ukuzingela nokumunca inyamazane entsha.

Njengoba kunikezwe lezi zici ezitholakala ohlelweni lokugaya inja, akudingekile ukuyondla ngaphambi kohambo, kungcono ukukwenza ngemva kwalokho. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukusabalalisa kahle umthwalo: ngakho-ke, ngemva kokupha inja, yinike isikhathi sokuphumula nokugaya ukudla. Khona-ke ukuphumula okuphelele kufanele kuthathe indawo ye-promenade elula kwimodi ezolile, ngemva kwalokho, lapho isisu sesilwane singenalutho, sekuyisikhathi sokusebenza ngokomzimba nokucindezeleka.

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ukuvivinya umzimba ngamandla nokudlala ngemva nje kokudla kuyingozi empilweni yenja. Kwakuyinhlanhla uma isilwane siphunyuka ngokukhafula ukudla kuphela, ezimeni ezidabukisayo, ukusonteka kwesisu kanye nemiphumela emibi kakhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ungakhohlwa ngokuzivocavoca, ngaphandle kwalokho ukudla kugaywe kancane futhi ukugaya kungenzeka.

Kwenzekani emzimbeni wenja phakathi nohambo?

Ukuhamba kubalulekile kukho kokubili impilo engokomzimba nengokomzwelo yenja yakho, ngakho ukuhamba okuvamile kubalulekile. Cabanga ngezinqubo ezibaluleke kakhulu ezenzeka nomzimba wenja ngesikhathi sokuhamba.

Ngokombono wempilo engokomzimba yesilwane esifuywayo, okulandelayo kungaphawulwa:

• ukugcwala kwe-oxygen egazini lapho kuvezwa umoya omusha;

• ukuthuthukiswa nokuqeqeshwa kwesistimu yemisipha kanye nomzimba wonke ngesikhathi sokugijima nemidlalo;

• ukukhuthazwa kwepheshana lesisu ngenxa yokubandakanyeka kwemisipha;

• ukuqinisa isimiso sezinzwa ngokusebenza kwemisipha;

• ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwamalunga nokuvimbela izifo zabo ngenxa yomsebenzi womzimba;

• gwema ukukhuluphala nokuqunjelwa ngokugijima nokugxuma emoyeni omusha;

• ukuphuma kwamathumbu nesinye.

Izinzuzo zokuhamba ngokugaya ziqala ngemva kokuba ukudla okuvela esiswini kungene emathunjini futhi izakhi eziwusizo seziqalile ukugxila egazini. Lokhu kwenzeka emahoreni angu-3 noma angu-4 ngemva kokudla, khona-ke (kuze kube yilapho ukugaya okuphelele) ungahamba nenja. Qiniseka ukuthi uqala ngokuzivocavoca umzimba futhi kamuva uqhubekele emidlalweni esebenzayo nokuqeqeshwa.

Ukuhamba nakho kuyingxenye ebalulekile yesimo sengqondo-ngokomzwelo sesilwane esifuywayo esinemilenze emine. Phakathi kwabo, inja ixhumana nezwe langaphandle, ifunda ukubona abantu abangabazi, ezinye izilwane, izinyoni, izinto kanye nephunga. Ukuhlalisana kwabantu kuyisici esibalulekile sokuthuthukiswa kwezilwane ezifuywayo kanye nempilo.

Yisiphi isikhathi esingcono kakhulu sokuhamba nenja yakho: ngaphambi noma ngemva kokudla?

Njengoba kunikezwe izici zesimiso sokugaya inja, singaphetha ngokuthi kungcono ukuhlela ukuhamba ngaphambi kokuqala ukondla isilwane. Amaphuzu amaningana avumelana nalokhu:

• Ekuhambeni, inja ithanda ukusebenza - gijima, gxuma, udlale, futhi lokhu ngeke kwenziwe ngokushesha ngemva kokudla. Izinkinga ezinkulu ngesisu zingenzeka, kuze kufike ku-volvulus nobuhlungu obukhulu.

• Uma usebenza esiswini esigcwele, umthwalo ohlelweni lwenhliziyo yesilwane uyakhula, ngoba esimweni esigcwele, ukukhwabanisa okuvamile kuba nzima futhi kudinga amandla engeziwe ukuze kusetshenziswe.

• Ukuhamba, okuvame ukuletha injabulo nokwaneliseka esilwaneni esifuywayo, kuzoba buhlungu enja ngokwayo uma ihlelwa ngemva kokudla. Inja izokhathala ngaphezu kokujwayelekile, izozwa isisindo, hhayi ubumnandi bokuhamba.

• Ukuhamba ngesisu esingenalutho kuzovumela inja ukuba ikhulule amandla aqoqiwe ngangokunokwenzeka, igijime futhi igxume futhi, yiqiniso, ithuthukise isifiso sokudla. Ngemva kokuqaphela wonke amandla ayo okuhamba, inja izophuthuma ekhaya, ilambile impela. Ngakho kokubili umnikazi nesilwane esifuywayo bazokwaneliseka.

Ngakho-ke, akudingekile ukondla inja ngaphambi kokuhamba. Okuhlukile kungaba abantu abaphethwe yizifo ezifana nesifo sikashukela noma i-hypoglycemia.

Uwuhamba nini umdlwane?

Ukuhamba nenja endala kufanele kuhlelwe kahle ngaphambi kokudla, okuvame ukudla kabili ngosuku (ekuseni nakusihlwa), kanye nantambama, amahora angu-4-6 ngemva kokudla kwasekuseni. Ngesikhathi sokuhamba, isilwane siya endlini yangasese - ukunyakaza okujwayelekile kwamathumbu nakho kwenzeka kabili ngosuku.

Ngezinja ezincane, isimo sihluke kancane: kuye ngokuthi iminyaka yengane, inani lokuphakelayo lingahluka kusuka kokubili kuya kwesithupha. Ake sizame ukuthola ukuthi sizowuhamba nini umdlwane – ngaphambi noma ngemva kokudla.

Umnikazi omusha kufanele aqaphele ukuthi inja ifundiswa ukuya endlini yangasese emoyeni ohlanzekile phakathi nokuhamba kusukela ebuntwaneni. Kancane kancane, umdlwane kufanele ujwayele ukunyakaza kwamathumbu amabili - ekuseni nakusihlwa. Kodwa-ke, ngokungafani nomuntu omdala, ekuqaleni umntwana akakwazi ukuvimbela isifiso sokuhlanza, futhi akunakwenzeka ukumphoqa ukuba akhuthazele isikhathi eside - ngaphandle kwalokho ikholoni ingase ivuvukale futhi i-cystitis ingase ithuthuke. Ngakho-ke, kufanelekile ukubheka ukuziphatha komdlwane nokuhamba naye ngaphambi nangemva kokudla, lapho ewudinga.

Emidlwaneni emincane esanda kuqala ukuphuma, ngemva kokudla, isifiso sokuya endlini yangasese sisebenza ngokushesha. Lokhu kwenziwa kalula ngokudla njalo ngezingxenye ezincane (izikhathi ezingama-4-6 ngosuku). Njengoba isikhathi phakathi kokuphakelayo singaba amahora angu-4 noma ngaphansi, ukuhamba umdlwane amahora ambalwa ngemva kokudla (njengenja endala) akunakwenzeka.

Ukufingqa: ukuhamba kungahlelwa ngaphambi noma ngemva kwesikhathi sokuphakela umdlwane. Ngemva kokudla, uzokwazi ukuya endlini yangasese ngaphandle kwendlu, angabekezeli isikhathi eside futhi angalimazi impilo yakhe. Into esemqoka ukulandela imithetho embalwa elula: khetha indawo ethule yokuhamba futhi ungaqali ukugijima nemidlalo esebenzayo esiswini esigcwele. Kodwa-ke, ngesisu esingenalutho, ngaphezu kokuya endlini yangasese, umntwana uzokwazi ukujabulela isikhathi esiningi emoyeni omusha, agijime, agxume futhi azivumelanise nezwe elizungezile. Ngakho-ke, kufanelekile ukujwayela kancane kancane umntwana ohlelweni lwabantu abadala: ukuhamba ekuseni nakusihlwa nokuya endlini yangasese.

Imithetho eyisisekelo yokuhamba kwezinja

Ngesilwane esifuywayo esinemilenze emine, ukuhamba kanye nemisebenzi yangaphandle kuyadingeka. Cabangela imithetho eyisisekelo abanikazi bezinja okufanele bayilandele.

Ukwakhiwa kombuso

Enye yezingxenye ezibalulekile zendlela yokuphila enempilo yesilwane esifuywayo kuwumkhuba. Lokhu kusebenza ekudleni, nokuhamba, nokuya endlini yangasese. Ukuze isigceme sibe sesimweni esihle kakhulu somzimba futhi sibe nesimo sengqondo esihle, umnikazi udinga ukumjwayeza isimiso sansuku zonke kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala.

Ngokuvamile, abalimi bakhetha amahora asekuseni nakusihlwa okuhamba nokudla - lapho bevuka nangaphambi kokuya emsebenzini noma ukuqeqeshwa, kanye nalapho bebuyela ekhaya. Ubude besikhathi sokuhamba kanye nenani labo liyakhula ngezimpelasonto, lapho umnikazi engakwazi ukunikela isikhathi esengeziwe ewadini yakhe.

Ngokungafani nomuntu omdala, umntwana udinga ukuhamba njalo ngenxa yokufunda ukuya endlini yangasese emgwaqweni. Kwanele ukubanika imizuzu engu-15-20. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, isilwane esincane sidluliselwa kumodi yabantu abadala futhi sihambe kabili ngosuku. Phakathi nalokhu hambo, kufanele akhiphe amathumbu nesinye.

Ukuhleleka kokuhamba nokondliwa

Ukwakhiwa kwesimiso sansuku zonke kuyinto ephoqelekile empilweni yomngane onemilenze emine. Ngokwezincomo zodokotela bezilwane kanye nabafuyi abanolwazi, inqubo yenja yansuku zonke kufanele ibukeke kanje:

1. Ekuseni - isigamu sehora noma ihora (uma kungenzeka) uhambe. Ngalesi sikhathi, isilwane silahla izinsalela zesidlo sakusihlwa (ukudla okuphekwe ngokweqile) - siya endlini yangasese "ngendlela enkulu."

2. Ukudla kwasekuseni ngemva kokuhamba (ngokudla okujwayelekile kabili ngosuku).

3. Imizuzu engu-15-20 ukuhamba nsuku zonke ukuze ukhiphe esinyeni.

4. Kusihlwa - ukuzivocavoca, kanye nemidlalo esebenzayo nokusebenza ngokomzimba, ukuqeqeshwa. Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside emoyeni omusha ngokuqeqeshwa kwezilwane ezifuywayo.

5. Ukudla kusihlwa lapho ubuya emgwaqeni.

Ubude bokuhlala ngaphandle

 Ekuseni, ungathatha uhambo olufushane - imizuzu engu-30-60 yanele, futhi kusihlwa kufanele uchithe isikhathi esiningi kukho - kusukela ehoreni noma ngaphezulu (okungcono kakhulu).

Ngokungeza olunye uhambo olufushane oluthathu oluya egcekeni (imizuzu eyi-10-15) kokubili okuyinhloko (ekuseni nakusihlwa), uzonikeza isilwane ithuba lokufudumala kancane emoyeni omusha futhi sikhiphe esinyeni. Ngokungafani nokunyakaza kwamathumbu amabili, izilwane ezifuywayo ezijwayelekile ezinemilenze emine zingachama izikhathi ezinhlanu ngosuku.

Ukugcwaliswa kwesikhala kohlelo lokuhamba

Umsebenzi wokuhamba uthonywa yizici zesilwane - uhlobo lwaso, ubudala kanye nesimo sempilo.

Isibonelo, abantu bezilwane ezizingelayo nezilwa badinga uhambo olude. Ukuze bahlale beqinile futhi benempilo, badinga okungenani amahora amane omoya ohlanzekile, lapho kufanele bazivocavoce futhi bahlanganyele ekudlaleni okumatasa.

Cishe isikhathi esifanayo esidingekayo ngaphandle ezilwaneni ezincane. Ngaphezu kwemidlalo, ukugijima nokugxuma, abanikazi bazo akufanele bakhohlwe ngokuqeqeshwa.

Ngokuqondene nezinhlobo ezindala nezihlobisa, singazikhawulela ekuzilolongeni amahora amabili. Ngokukhula, kuba nzima kakhulu ezilwaneni ukukhombisa umsebenzi womzimba isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke akufanele uzisebenze ngokweqile.

Uma kukhona ingozi yokushisa ngokweqile noma i-frostbite, kungcono ukubuyela ekhaya ngokushesha nje lapho isilwane sizikhulule. Esikhathini esibandayo, kunconywa ukuthi ugqoke izingubo ezikhethekile zesilwane sakho ukuze sizizwe sikhululekile.