Umfula iTonina
I-Tonina River, igama lesayensi elithi Tonina fluviatilis. Ngokwemvelo, lesi sitshalo sitholakala ezindaweni ezimaphakathi nezisenyakatho yeNingizimu Melika. Ikhula emanzini angashoni emifuleni nasemifuleni ezindaweni ezinokugeleza kancane, okucebile ngama-tannins (umbala wamanzi unomthunzi wetiye ocebile).
Okokuqala ukungenisa njengesitshalo se-aquarium yiqembu labacwaningi baseJapane, kanye nezinye izinhlobo ezimbalwa zezilwane. Lezi zitshalo zahlonzwa ngephutha ngokuthi yi-Tonina, kodwa ngaphandle kuka-Tonina fluviatilis, ezinye zazingezakweminye imindeni.
Iphutha litholakale sekwephuzile, ngawo-2010 kuphela. ngesikhathi esifanayo, izitshalo zathola amagama amasha esayensi. Nokho, amagama amadala asetshenziswe ngokuqinile, ngakho-ke usengathola u-Tonina Manaus (empeleni u-Synonanthus inundatus) kanye no-Tonina belem (empeleni i-Syngonanthus macrocaulon) bayathengiswa.
Ezimweni ezivumayo, yakha isiqu esiqinile esiqondile, esitshalwe ngokuminyene ngamaqabunga amafushane (1-1.5 cm) ngaphandle kwama-petioles aphinyisiwe. Inokuthambekela okuncane ekuhlumeni okusemaceleni.
E-aquarium, ukukhiqiza kabusha kwenziwa ngokuthena. Ngale njongo, njengomthetho, kusetshenziswa amahlumela ambalwa asemaceleni, hhayi isiqu esiyinhloko. Kunconywa ukuthi usike ichopho lehlumela libe ngu-5 cm ubude, ngoba ekusikeni okude uhlelo lwempande luqala ukukhula ngqo esiqwini nasekuphakameni okuthile ukusuka endaweni yokucwiliswa emhlabathini. Ihlumela elinezimpande "ezinomoya" libukeka lingathandeki ngobuhle.
I-Tonina River ifuna ngemibandela futhi ayinconywa kuma-aquarists aqalayo. Ukukhula okunempilo, kuyadingeka ukunikeza amanzi ane-asidi ngobulukhuni obuphelele obungekho ngaphezu kwe-5 dGH. I-substrate kufanele ibe ne-acidic futhi iqukathe ukunikezwa okulinganiselayo kwezakhi. Idinga izinga eliphezulu lokukhanyisa kanye nokwethulwa okwengeziwe kwe-carbon dioxide (cishe 20-30 mg / l).
Izinga lokukhula limaphakathi. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, akunakwenzeka ukuba nezinhlobo ezikhula ngokushesha eduze ezingafihla umfula i-Tonina esikhathini esizayo.
