Amandla obuhlakani bopholi namagwababa aphakeme kunalawo ezinkawu

esihlokweni “Upholi ohlakaniphe kakhulu” safunda ngezinhlobo eziningana zalezi zinyoni ezimangalisayo futhi safinyelela isiphetho sokuthi ukuhlakanipha kwezinyoni akuzange kuhlolisiswe ngokugcwele, njengoba izinyoni zisasimangaza ngokuziphatha kwazo nekhono lazo lokubamba impukane.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izinyoni zinamandla alinganayo njengezilwane ezimfene, futhi ubuchopho bazo bulingana ne-walnut, sekuyisikhathi eside kufakazelwa ukuthi izinyoni azinayo i-cerebral cortex ethuthukisiwe njengezilwane. Kodwa lokhu akuvimbeli ama-parrots amakhulu nama-corvids ekushayeni isintu ngamakhono abo obuhlakani.

Impendulo ilele ekumineni kwama-neurons. Lokhu kushiwo ekushicilelweni kwalo magazini Izinqubo zeNational Academy of Sciences yase-USA.

Ithimba lososayensi baseVanderbilt University, kanye nozakwabo baseCharles University ePrague kanye nabacwaningi baseNyuvesi yaseVienna, eholwa uSusanne Herculano-Hosel noPavel Nemech, bahlole inani lama-neurons emasampulini obuchopho ezinhlobo zezinyoni ezingu-28 futhi baqhathanisa imiphumela ngenani lama-neurons ebuchosheni bezilwane. Kwatholakala ukuthi ebuchosheni bezinyoni eziculayo nopholi, ukuminyana kwezinzwa kuphindwe kabili kunezinkawu, futhi uma kuqhathaniswa namagundane, kube ku-4!

Amasampula obuchopho athathwe ngosayizi ofanayo ngokuhlukaniswa kwe-anatomical, kubalwa ingqikithi yenani lamaseli amisiwe esicupheni sezinzwa.

Abacwaningi bakwazi ukufakazela ukuthi nge-cortex enesisindo se-14,4 amagremu ku-macaw, inani lama-neurons liyi-1,9 billion, kuyilapho kuma-macaques, enesisindo sobuchopho se-69,8 amagremu, kuphela i-1,7 billion.

Inani elikhulu kangaka lama-neurons ngevolumu encane libangele ukwakheka kwawo okuminyene. Ubukhulu bamangqamuzana ezinzwa ezinyoni mancane kakhulu kunezilwane ezincelisayo, izinqubo zimfushane, nama-synapse ahlangene kakhudlwana. Yilokhu okuvumela izinyoni ukuthi zihlanganise isisindo esincane sokundiza kalula namandla okuqonda amangalisayo adlula awamagundane nezinkawu eziphansi.