Shingu retroculus

I-Xingu retroculus, igama lesayensi i-Retroculus xinguensis, ingeyomndeni wakwaCichlidae. Akuyona i-cichlid yaseMelika ethandwa kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yombala wayo ongabhalwanga kanye nezimo zokuphila (imisinga enamandla) ezingafanelekile kwezinye izinhlanzi eziningi zasemanzini ahlanzekile. Inconyelwe izinhlobo zasemanzini noma ama-biotopes.

habitat

Ivela eNingizimu Melika kusukela esigodini soMfula i-Xingu kanye ne-tributary yayo yesokunxele, i-Iriri, egeleza endaweni yaseBrazil (izifunda zasePara naseMato Grosso.). Kunamarekhodi okuthi lolu hlobo lwe-cichlid lutholakale nasendaweni yomfula iTapajos. Kwenzeka ezingxenyeni zemifula enama-rapids amaningi kanye nemisinga esheshayo, ngezinye izikhathi eshisayo. Izifunda ezinjalo ziqukethe amatshe anobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, ama-substrates anesihlabathi namadwala.

Ulwazi olufushane:

• Umthamo we-aquarium - kusuka ku-700 amalitha.
• Izinga lokushisa - 26-32 ° C
• Inani pH - 6.0-8.0
• Ubulukhuni bamanzi - 1-12 dGH
• Uhlobo lwe-substrate - olunesihlabathi, olunamadwala
• Ukukhanyisa - kuthobile
• Amanzi anosawoti - cha
• Ukunyakaza kwamanzi - okumaphakathi, okuqinile
• Ubukhulu bezinhlanzi buyi-15-20 cm.
• Ukudla - noma yikuphi ukudla
• I-Temperament - inokuthula ngokwemibandela
• Okuqukethwe eqenjini okungenani labantu abangu-5–8

Incazelo

Abesilisa abadala bafinyelela ubude obufika ku-20 cm. Abesifazane bancane - cishe ngo-15 cm. Amaduna nawo ayahluka ngokuma nombala we-ventral kanye ne-anal fins, akhomba kakhulu futhi ane-pigmentation ebomvu, kanti kwabesifazane anombala ompunga oyindilinga. Ezinhlanzini ezithosiwe nezincane, i-dimorphism yocansi iboniswa kancane.

Umbala uqukethe inhlanganisela ye-shades ephuzi, eluhlaza kanye ne-gray. Imigqa ebanzi emnyama eqondile iyabonakala emzimbeni.

Ukudla

Izinhlobo ze-omnivorous, zidla ikakhulukazi ungqimba olungezansi, kodwa zingabamba kalula ukudla kukholomu yamanzi. Ukudla kungase kube ukudla okomile okuhlangene nezimfanzi eziphila noma eziqandisiwe ze-brine, i-daphnia, izibungu zegazi, izibungu zomiyane, kanye nezikelemu ezincane, njll. Ngezinye izikhathi, izinhlanzi ezincane zingadliwa.

Kubalulekile ukuthi ukudla kuqukethe izithako ze-herbal, njenge-spirulina flakes. Yidla ukudla okuncane izikhathi ezingama-3-5 ngosuku.

Ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa, ukulungiswa kwe-aquarium

Ubukhulu obufanele be-aquarium eqenjini lezinhlanzi ezi-5-8 buqala kusuka kumalitha angama-700. Umhlobiso kufanele ufane nendawo yokuhlala yemvelo: amatshe anobukhulu obuhlukahlukene, i-driftwood, isihlabathi kanye ne-gravel substrate. Kungenzeka ukwengeza izitshalo ezithile ezingenasizotha ezingakhula ngaphansi kwezimo zamanje ezimaphakathi noma ezinamandla. Izinhlobo ezikhula ngokuqondile emadwaleni noma ezisekelweni ezinokhuni ziyakhethwa. Kwezinye izimo, amaphampu engeziwe ayadingeka ukuze enze ukugeleza kwangaphakathi, nakuba izihlungi eziphumelelayo zivame ukubhekana nalo msebenzi.

Ama-Xing retroculuses awakubekezeleli ukunqwabelana kwemfucuza yezinto eziphilayo futhi adinga amazinga aphezulu omoya-mpilo oncibilikiswe emanzini. Ukugcina ngempumelelo kuncike ekunikezeni izimo zamanzi ezinzile ngaphandle kokushintsha okungazelelwe kwezinga lokushisa kanye namanani e-hydrochemical. Futhi, ukugxila okuyingozi kwemikhiqizo yomjikelezo we-nitrogen (ammonia, nitrites, nitrate) akufanele kuvunyelwe ukufinyelela. Ukufeza ibhalansi yemvelo kutholakala ngokufaka imishini edingekayo (izihlungi, ama-aerators, ama-heaters, uhlelo lokukhanyisa, njll.) nokugcinwa njalo kwe-aquarium. Lokhu kokugcina kufaka phakathi ukushintshwa kwengxenye yamanzi masonto onke ngamanzi ahlanzekile, ukususwa kwemfucuza yezinto eziphilayo ngendlela yokudla nezinsalela zokuhlola, ukugcinwa kwemishini, njll.

Ukuziphatha Nokuhambisana

Izinhlanzi ezinokuthula ngokuqhathaniswa, kodwa zingaba yingozi ezinhlotsheni ezincane kakhulu, futhi akunconywa ukuthi zihlanganiswe nezinhlanzi ezihlala phansi njenge-catfish ne-char. Ukukhethwa komakhelwane base-aquarium nakho kunqunyelwe indawo yokuhlala eneziyaluyalu ye-Retroculus Xingu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesikhathi sokuzala, eyeduna iba nolaka kakhulu kulabo abahlasela indawo yayo.

Kunconywa ukugcina iqembu okungenani labantu abangu-5-8 babo bobabili ubulili. Ngezinombolo ezimbalwa, amadoda aphezulu e-alpha angase ajahe ama-congeners abuthaka.

Ukuzalanisa / ukuzalanisa

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivumayo, izinhlanzi ziyakwazi ukunikeza inzalo ngobuningi obunomona. Ngokuqala kwenkathi yokukhwelana, eyeduna nensikazi bakha ipheya lesikhashana. Kuye ngobukhulu beqembu, kungase kube namapheya amaningana anjalo. Umbhangqwana uhlala endaweni engaphansi kwe-aquarium futhi, ngemva kokuthandana okufushane, ulungisa isidleke - umgodi emhlabathini. Eyensikazi izalela amaqanda angaba ngu-200 anendawo enamathelayo, lapho izinhlamvu zesihlabathi nemfucumfucu ehlukahlukene zinamathela ngokushesha, okulenza libe nzima futhi livimbele ukuba lingakhukhuleki nokugeleza. Isikhathi se-incubation sithatha izinsuku ezingu-3-4, ngemva kwelinye isonto baqala ukubhukuda ngokukhululeka. Sonke lesi sikhathi, abazali bavikela izingane, bexosha esidlekeni bonke abangase babe yingozi kuzo.

Izifo zezinhlanzi

Isizathu esiyinhloko sezifo sisezimweni zokuvalelwa, uma zidlula ibanga elivumelekile, khona-ke ukucindezelwa kokuzivikela komzimba kwenzeka nakanjani futhi izinhlanzi ziba sengozini yezifo ezihlukahlukene ezikhona ngokungenakugwenywa emvelweni. Uma kuvela izinsolo zokuqala zokuthi inhlanzi iyagula, isinyathelo sokuqala ukuhlola imingcele yamanzi kanye nokuba khona kokugxila okuyingozi kwemikhiqizo yomjikelezo we-nitrogen. Ukubuyiselwa kwezimo ezijwayelekile/ezifanelekile kuvame ukukhuthaza ukuphulukiswa. Nokho, kwezinye izimo, ukwelashwa kudingekile. Funda kabanzi mayelana nezimpawu nokwelashwa esigabeni se-Aquarium Fish Diseases.