Amabhungane obhejane: izici zokuphila, yini engadliwa kanye nomthelela womuntu kubantu bakhona

Izinambuzane ziyisigaba esihluke kakhulu futhi siningi emhlabeni wezilwane, sinezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo. Abameleli bayo bahlala ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, bavela ezimweni zezulu ezihlukene, bahluke ngokuma nobukhulu, bahola izindlela zokuphila ezihlukene. Kunabantu abanelukuluku lokufuna ukwazi osekunesikhathi eside beheha ukunaka komuntu futhi basuka ekujuleni kwamakhulu eminyaka. Phakathi kwazo kunezinhlobo eziye zacwaningwa yisayensi isikhathi eside, kanye nalezo ezisanda kutholwa. Ukuhleleka kwamabhungane, noma ngamanye amazwi, ukuhleleka kwamabhungane, bekulokhu kuhlolisiswa umhlaba wesayensi.

Yiqiniso, ibhungane likabhejane lidinga ukunakwa okukhethekile. Okwakhe ukubukeka okungajwayelekile uyinikeza emehlweni omuntu onezici ezingaqondakali, eziqhutshwa indlela yokuphila yasebusuku yaleli bhungane.

Ibhungane likabhejane yigama eliqanjwe izinhlobo zezinambuzane ezingaphezu koyedwa. Bahlanganiswe uphondo okuthiwa.

Lezi zihlanganisa izinhlobo ezifana nalezi:

• i-beetle-hercules;
• Ibhungane likabhejane laseNyakatho Melika;
• i-palm rhinoceros beetle;
• ibhungane lendlovu;
• ibhungane likabhejane elijwayeleke kakhulu kithi;
• Ibhungane likabhejane lase-Asia;
• nezinye izinhlobo eziningi ezimangalisayo zamabhungane.

Ungahlangana kanjani ne "rhinoceros"?

Ungawatholaphi la mabhungane. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi zitholakala yonke indawo, ikhetha amahlathi, amahlathi-amathafa namaqele. Bona, ngokusho kososayensi, abathobekile kakhulu ezimweni zemvelo. Lokhu kwaba nomthelela ekubhebhethekeni kwamabhungane obhejane. Zingatholakala kunoma iyiphi indawo ye-Eurasia. Ezimweni zamazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu, akunakwenzeka ukuhlangana naye - i-tundra ne-taiga zishiywe ngaphandle kokunaka kobhejane.

Ngeshwa, ukuwohloka kwesimo semvelo emazweni amaningi, kuhlanganisa neRussia, kube nomthelela omubi isibalo sobhejane. Ukulima kwamathafa nokugawulwa kwamahlathi kucekela phansi indawo yokuhlala obhejane. UZhukov ubhalwe ohlwini lwe-Red Book. Manje sebevikelwe umbuso kanye nomthetho.

Izici zebhungane likabhejane

Noma ubani ohlangana nalesi sinambuzane nakanjani uzozibona izici zaso ezingokwemvelo.

Lezi zihlanganisa:

• uphondo lukabhejane, oluthuthuke kakhulu ezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu;
• ukuhamba ngendlela emangalisayo kwala mabhungane lapho endiza, ngezinye izikhathi okubangela ukumangala okukhulu phakathi kwabantu basedolobheni;
• uhlaka lwamathambo lwangaphandle oluqinile lwe-chitinous olune-sheen ekhanyayo, isici sazo zonke izinambuzane;
• amandla amangalisayo kanye namandla esinambuzane esikwazi ukuphakamisa izisindo esilingana nengxenye yesisindo saso;
• izakhiwo ze-semiconductor zezingxenye ezincane zophondo lwebhungane;
• imibala ehlukahlukene kakhulu kuma-subspecies ahlukene;
• ubukhulu obuhlukahlukene, obukhulu ngokwanele;
• abesifazane bakhulu kakhulu kunabesilisa.

Kunombono wokuthi lezi zinambuzane ziyakwazi ukunakekela inzalo yazo ekhulayo. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba insikazi izalela amaqanda kuphela ezindaweni ezicezile okunzima ukufinyelela kuzo. Ososayensi bathi lokhu akulona iqiniso.

Iqiniso elithakazelisayo ukuthi uphondo lwebhungane likabhejane luyisitho esikhethekile. Imibono yezazi zezinambuzane ngophondo ihluke kakhulu. Kunemibono yokuthi isebenzela ukuzivikela nokuhlasela. Abanye bayakukholelwa lokho iyisibonelo semishini ye-vestibula yakudala, okusebenzela ukuqondiswa emkhathini ngosizo lwezinwele ezincane ezimboza indawo yayo. Yebo, futhi amafomu ayo kuma-subspecies ahlukene wamabhungane ahlukile.

Ososayensi abaningi baphikisa ngokuthi asikho isidingo sokuhlukaniswa okubanzi kangaka kobhejane. Ukuthi inemibandela kakhulu futhi idinga ukutadisha ngokucophelela.

Indlela yokuphila yobhejane noma lokho abakudlayo

Ibhungane likabhejane, njengezinambuzane ngokwazo, liye lacwaningwa kancane, libangela ukuqagela okuningi nezitatimende ezingqubuzanayo. Iningi lempikiswano livela lapho kuxoxwa futhi kufundwa umsoco walezi zinambuzane ezimangalisayo. Naphezu kokubukeka kwazo okumangazayo nokusongelayo, lezi amabhungane izidalwa ezinokuthula futhi abazona izilwane ezidla ezinye. Ithini imibono ngokudla kwakhe. Isebenzisa izinqolobane zezakhamzimba eziqoqwe ngumzimba ngesikhathi sezibungu. Lokhu kusekelwa yizitho ezingakathuthuki zohlelo lokugaya ukudla. Idla ukudla okuwuketshezi okuthambile, ikakhulukazi okuvela ezitshalweni. Kungaba ujusi wezitshalo ezihlukahlukene.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi amabhungane obhejane yizinambuzane ezinoguquko oluyinkimbinkimbi, ezinezigaba eziningana ekukhuleni kwazo, ezihluke ngokuphawulekayo ezicini ze-morphological and physiological.

Izigaba zokuthuthukiswa kwebhungane:

• isiteji samaqanda;
• isigaba sezibungu;
• isigaba se-pupal;
• umuntu omdala.

Isigaba ngasinye sokuthuthuka sinezici zaso. Ibhungane lensikazi lizalela amaqanda alo ezindaweni ezicashile, liwavikela ezimweni ezimbi zendawo ezungezile.

Ngemva kwalesi sigaba, kuphuma isibungu eqandeni. Lesi yisigaba eside kunazo zonke ekukhuleni kwesinambuzane. Iqhubeka iminyaka emine. Wonke umuntu ohlobene nezolimo ujwayelene kakhulu nezinambuzane eziyingozi neziqinile. Yebo impela Izibungu zikabhejane zingadala umonakalo omkhulu izitshalo. Le mpahla yesibungu ayikukhuthazi neze ukulondolozwa kwalolu hlobo lokumelela amabhungane.

Ngemva kwama-molts amathathu, isibungu siba i-pupa, futhi kamuva ungabona isinambuzane esikhulile.

Obhejane banezitha zemvelo. Lezi yizinyoni ezithanda ukudla izibungu zalezi zinambuzane, ezifaka isandla ekubhujisweni kwazo, kanye nezibungu, ama-microorganisms ahlukahlukene ahlala emzimbeni wezibungu, iziphungumangathi, ngisho nabadala, abamelene nalezi zinhlobo eziningi zebhungane. Kodwa isitha esiyingozi nesicashile sobhejane ngumuntuukucekela phansi ngokungenangqondo izindawo zemvelo, okuholela ekwehleni kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo eMhlabeni. Leli qiniso lidinga ukunakwa kakhulu kubo bobabili ososayensi, umbuso kanye nabantu abavamile. Ngabantu okuthi, ngokungena ezimweni zemvelo zezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane, bephule amaketanga okudla ayinkimbinkimbi, bacekele phansi ukuphila okuntekenteke nokuhlukahluka kangaka eplanethini enguMhlaba.

Ibhungane likabhejane kanye nobudlelwano bawo nabantu

Ngeshwa, kuncane kakhulu okwaziwayo ngokuphila kwala mabhungane. Indida: lezi zinambuzane zivame kakhulu, kodwa kuncane okuhloliwe. Kudutshulwe izindaba eziningi, amadokhumentari namafilimu okufundisa ngesayensi, kubhalwe inani elikhulu lezindatshana nama-monographs. Kodwa namanje ayikho intuthuko ephawulekayo ekucwaningweni kwalezi zinambuzane ezimangalisayo.

Obhejane ngisho baba amaqhawe amafilimu athile opopayingezinye izikhathi badlala izindima eziholayo. Njengoba ubona, obhejane banesithakazelo esikhulu. Ukucwaninga kwalezi zinhlobo ezincane kuzosiza ekukhanyiseni impilo kanye ne-physiology yalezi zinambuzane, kube nesandla ekuvikelekeni kwazo okuphumelelayo.

Amanye amasiko athambekele ekuzenzeni lezi zinambuzane. Izinganekwane zabanikeza i-aura yemfihlakalo, amandla namandla. Kwadlula iminyaka, amakhulu namakhulu eminyaka, futhi amabhungane aphila ukuphila okungaqondakali kwasebusuku futhi ayaqhubeka eyilandela. Emini, obhejane baphila impilo yokungenzi lutho.

Kunabathandi bobhejane abakulungele ukubagcina emakhaya. Esitolo sezilwane ezifuywayo, zingatholakala njalo futhi amanani azo angabaluleka kakhulu. Kuncike kuma-subspecies webhungane, ubukhulu bawo kanye nobulili. Njengomthetho, bathenga abesilisa. Ukubukeka kwazo kuyamangalisa kakhulu, nakuba zincane ngosayizi uma ziqhathaniswa nezinsikazi. Ngisho nentengo ephezulu ayisona isithiyo sobunzima bokuthola ubhejane kubanikazi babo. Abantu abaningi bafuna ukuthinta umhlaba wezimfihlakalo nezimfihlo.

Iqhaza laleli bhungane kwezobuciko nasekwakhiweni liyaphawuleka. Ingabonakala kumakhava amaningi ezincwadi nomagazini besayensi. Obhejane abavela emhlabeni wezinambuzane ezikhathini zanamuhla - kuwuphawu lwesayensi, ukuba yisisekelo nokuzinza kwayo, uphawu lwezinto ezitholwe yisayensi nezinto ezikufezile.

Ngokuvamile ungathola imifanekiso, izithombe eziqoshiwe zalesi bhungane, ezenziwe ngezinto ezihlukahlukene kanye namasu ahlukahlukene kanye nezikhombisi-ndlela. Bangabhekisela ezikhathini zomlando ezahlukene - kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo kuze kube manje. Iyatholakala nakumaposikhadi, amaphosta ngisho nezitembu zokuposa.