Izifo zomlomo ezinjeni nasemakati

Izilwane ezincelisayo ezidla inyama zinezizukulwane ezimbili zamazinyo (ama-deciduous futhi ahlala njalo). Zingama-heterodonts - izilwane ezinezinhlobo eziningana zamazinyo ezenza imisebenzi ehlukene. Ngokungafani nabantu, izilwane ezidla inyama azikuhlafuni nhlobo ukudla kwazo. Bayiklebhule bayigwinye. Ngakho-ke, izinja namakati awavamile ukuthuthukisa imigodi futhi kungenzeka ukuthi ahlakulele isifo se-periodontal. Lezi yizifo zezicubu ze-periorbital.

Ungabona kanjani ukuthi kukhona okungalungile emlonyeni wesilwane sakho esifuywayo?

• Iphunga elibi eliphuma emlonyeni, ukuconsa, ukundindizela kwemisipha yokukhukhumeza, ubunzima bokudla nokudlala ngezinto.
• Ukopha, ukuvuvukala, izinsini ezibomvu, izilonda, i-plaque kanye ne-calculus emazinyweni, amazinyo axegayo, ukuphuma kwamazinyo.
• Ukushintsha ukuma kwe-muzzle: ukubonakaliswa kokuvuvukala endaweni yamakhala noma ye-infraorbital noma esifundeni somhlathi ophansi; ukwanda kwama-lymph nodes e-submandibular.

I-plaque ne-tartar

Ukuncipha komsebenzi wokuhlafuna, i-malocclusion, ukubambezeleka kwamazinyo obisi, ukuntula inhlanzeko yomlomo, kanye nezifo ezihlukahlukene ezifana nesifo sikashukela, ukwehluleka kwezinso nesibindi, kanye nokuzivikela komzimba kunomthelela ekufakweni kwe-plaque nokwakheka kwamatshe. Kakade ngemva kwamasonto ama-2 ukwakheka kwe-plaque, i-tartar yenziwa ngenxa yokubala ngaphansi kwesenzo sikasawoti wamaminerali, ikakhulukazi i-calcium equkethwe ematheni (i-supragingival calculus) noma uketshezi okucwiliswa kulo i-gingival sulcus (i-subgingival calculus). Itshe ngokwalo aliyona imbangela yesifo se-periodontal, kodwa indawo yayo enzima inikeza indawo ekahle yokunamathisela i-plaque nama-microorganisms. Ukwelashwa kochwepheshe - ukuthuthwa kwendle (ukususwa kwe-tartar ngudokotela wezilwane nge-ultrasound, ukususwa kwe-subgingival deposits kanye nokupholishwa kwamazinyo) okulandelwa ukuxubha nsuku zonke kusiza ekunciphiseni ukuxega kokuqala kwamazinyo nokugcina lesi simo iminyaka eminingana.    

Amazinyo omntwana

Ukushintsha amazinyo obisi ezinjeni ezinobukhulu obukhulu kuqala cishe ezinyangeni ezi-3,5 - 4, futhi ezizukulwaneni ezincane, lesi siphetho sehlela cishe izinyanga eziyisithupha (futhi kwesinye isikhathi izinyanga eziyi-7-8). Ama-molar akhula kuqala, bese kuba ama-premolars, bese kuba ama-molar, futhi ekugcineni ama-canine. Isamba senani lama-molar ezinjeni angama-42 (ama-20 phezulu nama-22 phansi). Emazinyaneni, ukushintsha amazinyo obisi abe amazinyo ahlala njalo kuqala cishe ezinyangeni ezi-4. Ngezinyanga ezi-3,5 - 5,5. ama-incisors ashintsha, ngezinyanga ezi-5,5 - 6,5. - amazinyo, ngezinyanga ezi-4 - 5. - premolars, nge 5 - 6 izinyanga. - imisipha. Ukushintsha okuphelele kwamazinyo kuqedwa ngezinyanga eziyisi-7, kunganwebeka kuze kufike ezinyangeni eziyisi-9. Ikati elidala linamazinyo angama-30 angapheli. Emakati, ngokuvamile amazinyo ashintsha ngaphandle kwezinkinga, kungase kube nephunga elivela emlonyeni kanye nokubomvu kwezinsini. Ezinjeni, ikakhulukazi ezinhlotsheni ezincane, amazinyo obisi angahlala aze abe madala. Kuyadingeka ukuqapha inqubo yokushintsha amazinyo, amazinyo angaphumi isikhathi eside kufanele asuswe, ngoba amazinyo engeziwe aholela ku-malocclusion, ukulimala kwezinsini, ukwakheka okusheshayo kwe-tartar, nesifo se-periodontal.    

Isimo esingavamile samazinyo, i-malocclusion 

Esimeni lapho izinyo elitholakala ngendlela engavamile lilimaza ushingamu noma udebe ngesihloko salo, noma liphazamisa ukuvala kwemihlathi, kufanele lisuswe. Uma kwenzeka ukuluma okungalungile, iziqapha zomlomo ezikhethekile nezinsimbi zezinja zingasetshenziswa, kodwa lokhu kungenziwa kuphela nguchwepheshe, ama-braces awafakwa uma kwenzeka isifo sezinsini kanye nokuba khona kwamathumba. Uma inja ingeyona inzalo, futhi ukulunywa akuphazamisi ukusebenza okuvamile komhlathi, akulimazi izinsini, ngeke kulungiswe, kuyoba yisici sezimonyo kuphela.     

Ukuphuka kwamazinyo

Ukulimala kanye nokuhlafuna ngokweqile izinto eziqinile kungaphula amazinyo. Kulesi simo, kuye ngokuthi isilonda, izinyo liyasuswa noma limbozwe ngokugcwaliswa.    

Imizimba yangaphandle emgodini womlomo

Amathambo, izintambo, izinaliti, izintambo, ameva ezitshalo, izingcezu zokhuni, “imvula” kanye namathayela ngokuvamile kubambeka emlonyeni womlomo. Isilwane sivula umlomo waso, sikhiphe ulimi, sihlikihle umlomo ngezidladla zaso noma phansi, phansi kanye nefenisha. Ukuphuma kwamathe nokukhuphuka kwezinga lokuphefumula, ukukhwehlela, ukuhlanza, ukwenqaba ukudla kungase kubonakale. Uma into yangaphandle ingasuswa ngokushesha, ingabangela ukuvuvukala.    

Phakathi kwezifo zomlomo womlomo, ezivame kakhulu yilezi:

Isifo sofuba

Ukuvuvukala kwe-mucosa yomlomo. Izimpawu eziphawuleka kakhulu ze-stomatitis ukudla okubuhlungu, ukuvuthwa amathe, nephunga elibi eliphuma emlonyeni.

• I-Catarrhal stomatitis. Ngalolu hlobo lwesifo, awekho amanxeba asobala nezilonda. Kunezibonakaliso ezisobala zokuvuvukala - ubomvu, ukuvuvukala, ubuhlungu, kungase kube nokunamathela okuncane okumhlophe ngezikhathi lapho isilwane singadli noma singaphuzi. Lapho i-plaque isusiwe, izindawo zokuphuma kwegazi ze-mucosa ziyakhiwa. Iziveza njengezindawo ezivuvukele ngokwehlukana, futhi ingavala yonke indawo yomlomo, ikakhulukazi izinsini. Ukuqala kwazo zonke i-stomatitis.
• I-ulcerative stomatitis - ama-bubbles ama-pimple avela ebusweni be-mucosa, eqhuma ngokwakhiwa kwamanxeba amancane, lapho izicubu ezinempilo zivutha kakhulu. Okuvame ukutholakala ebusweni bezinsini, kodwa futhi kwenzeka ezindebeni nasezihlathini. Nge-ulcerative stomatitis, inja ivame ukudla ngokuquma. I-ulcerative stomatitis ingaba uphawu lwe-leptospirosis ezinjeni nase-calcivirosis, i-feline immunodeficiency virus, kanye nokutheleleka kwe-herpesvirus emakati.
• I-Atrophic stomatitis. Ngaphandle, kukhona ukuvuvukala okunamandla kakhulu ezinsini kanye nolwelwesi lwamafinyila endaweni yangaphakathi yezihlathi. Uma ubheka eduze, ungabona amabhamuza amancane namanxeba / izilonda. Ingaphezulu le-mucosa lishubile futhi libukeka sengathi linwetshiwe kusuka ku-edema evuthayo, njengokungathi izoqhuma. Ukuthintwa okuncane kwesilonda kubangela ubuhlungu obukhulu obusobala enja. Isilwane esifuywayo sikwenqaba ngokuphelele ukudla okuqinile, futhi ezimweni ezikhethekile asikwazi ngisho nokudla ukudla okuthambile. Ukulimala ezinsinini kwenzeka cishe ngokushesha nanoma yikuphi ukuxhumana nento eqinile.
• I-Phlegmonous stomatitis. Kuhlale kuyiphunga elibi elibukhali eliphuma emlonyeni kanye nokuba khona kobomvu emanxebeni, izilonda kanye nokunqwabelana kwawo phakathi kwezindebe nezinsini. Ngenxa yemvelo enomswakama, inqubo ye-purulent isakazeka kuwo wonke umgodi womlomo, ithinta noma iyiphi i-microtrauma encane nama-vesicles. Yelashwa kuphela ngokusetshenziswa kwe-systemic antibiotic therapy.
• I-Papillomatous stomatitis. Lolu hlobo lwe-stomatitis lubangelwa i-papillomavirus futhi lubonakala ngokubunjwa kwama-neoplasms athile kulwelwesi lwamafinyila ezindebe nasezihlathini, afana ne-cauliflower - papillomas. Ukuzilapha akuvunyelwe, ngoba. kunengozi enkulu yokusabalalisa nokukhula kwama-papillomas kuwo wonke umgodi womlomo. Kuvame kakhulu emidlwaneni ngenxa yamasosha omzimba abuthakathaka.

Akunakwenzeka ukwelapha i-stomatitis inja ngokwayo ngaphandle kokuvakashela udokotela wezilwane (okungenani ngaphandle kwemiphumela). Akekho umnikazi ozokwazi ukucacisa ukuthi yini imbangela yalesi sifo. Iphuzu eliyinhloko ekwelapheni ukuqeda imbangela yokuvuvukala, okungukuthi ngaphandle kwencazelo yayo eqondile, noma yiziphi izinqubo zezokwelapha zizoba yize.    

gingivitis

Ukuvuvukala kwezinsini, okubangelwa imiphumela emibi yezinto zendawo kanye nezijwayelekile futhi kuqhubeka ngaphandle kokuphula ubuqotho be-junction ye-gingival. Nge-gingivitis, izinsini ziba bomvu ngokugqamile, zivuvuke. Ukudla kunzima. Kungase kuphume amathe. Izinsini zopha.    

I-Periodontitis

Ukuvuvukala kwezicubu ze-periodontal (izicubu ezizungeze izinyo), okubonakala ngokubhujiswa okuqhubekayo (ukubhujiswa) kwe-periodontium kanye nethambo le-alveolar (i-tooth socket - ukucindezeleka emhlathini lapho impande yezinyo ikhona) inqubo imihlathi. Izimpawu ziyafana ne-gingivitis. Lapho uhlola umgodi womlomo, amaphakethe we-periodontal zone atholakala, amazinyo ahamba, abuhlungu. Kungenzeka futhi ukulahlekelwa amazinyo.    

Isifo se-Periodontal

I-Dystrophic (isimo se-pathological sezicubu, esibonakala ngokuphazamiseka kwe-metabolic kanye nezinguquko zesakhiwo) isilonda se-periodontal. Lesi sifo sibonakala ngenkambo engapheli. Njengomthetho, isifo se-periodontal yi-pathological syndrome yezifo ezivamile ze-somatic. Njengoba inqubo ikhula, ukuphaphatheka kwezinsini, ukuchayeka kaningi kwezimpande zamazinyo, ukuvela kwe-diastema (ukwanda kwegebe phakathi kwamazinyo), kanye nokuhlukana kwamazinyo okumise okwe fan. Ezigabeni zakamuva, ukuhamba kwamazinyo e-pathological kuyengezwa.   

Ukufakwa kabusha kwezinyo (emakati) (FORL)

Isifo samazinyo emakati, lapho ukubhujiswa kwezicubu zezinyo kwenzeka ngokwakhiwa kwemigodi, zonke izakhiwo zamazinyo zibhujiswa. Ngaphandle, lesi sifo singabonakali futhi singatholakala kuphela ngokuhlolwa kwe-X-ray yamazinyo. Kwesinye isikhathi insini endaweni yezinyo elithintekile iba bomvu, yopha futhi ikhule emqhele. Ngeshwa, imvamisa amazinyo athintekile yile pathology kufanele asuswe, ngoba okwamanje ayikho indlela esebenzayo yokwelapha lesi sifo.

Izingcingo

Ayiveli kaningi ezinjeni nasemakati, kodwa iyenzeka noma kunjalo. Ngaphansi kwe-caries yamazinyo kubizwa ngokuthi ukunqotshwa kwezicubu eziqinile zezinyo, ngokuvamile okuholela ekubhujisweni kwezakhiwo zoqweqwe lwawo, i-dentin. Ngokubhujiswa okuphawulekayo kwezicubu zezinyo, okuhambisana nokwakheka kwemigodi, kungenzeka ukubhubhisa ingxenye yomqhele wezinyo. Ngezilonda ezijulile ze-carious, inqubo yokuvuvukala ingadlulela ku-pulp yamazinyo, izimpande zamazinyo, ngokubandakanyeka okungenzeka kwezicubu ze-periodontal ekuvuvukeni. I-Caries ezilwaneni, njengabantu, inezimbangela eziningi, futhi akunakwenzeka ukuhlukanisa eyodwa kuphela yazo. Ngokuqinisekile indima enkulu idlalwe yi-genetic predisposition, ebonakala emazinyweni enkinga ngokusebenzisa ukungatheleleki, ukumelana, uhlelo lwe-hormonal. Indima yesibili izinga lokudla. Ngakho-ke ukondla ukudla okudliwayo okunothe ngama-carbohydrate (okusanhlamvu, ukudla okomile) kanye nokuntuleka kokudla okunothe nge-calcium (ikakhulukazi imidlwane namakati), uqwembe lungakheka futhi ukonakala koqweqwe lwawo kungakheka ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwemetabolism yamaminerali. Ukwelashwa kwezinyo le-carious kuncike ezingeni lomonakalo - lingavalwa noma lisuswe.    

Izicubu

Ukukhula kwezicubu zezinsini, okuvame ukumboza amazinyo, kungase kuphelele futhi kufane ngombala, noma kuhlanganiswe namabala obudala, izilonda, izindawo ze-necrosis, amazinyo angase adiyazele, awe noma anyakaze. I-muzzle ngokuvamile ithatha isimo se-asymmetrical. Ama-neoplasms angaphinda athinte noma yiziphi izicubu ezithambile zomlomo womlomo - izinsini, ulwanga, ulimi, izihlathi, pharynx, zidlulela emgodini wekhala, futhi izicubu zethambo lomhlathi nazo zingabhujiswa. Izimila zezindlala zamathe ziqala ngokuvuvuka futhi zivame cishe kabili emakatini kunasezinjeni. Izimila zomlomo zibalelwa ku-5-10% wazo zonke izimila ezinjeni nasemakati. Ezinjeni, ingxenye enkulu yama-neoplasms ayinabungozi, kuyilapho emakati, iningi lama-neoplasms liyingozi. Badinga ukuvakashelwa okuphoqelekile kudokotela wezilwane ngokushesha nje lapho bebonwa.    

Ukuvimbela izifo zomlomo womlomo

Kukhona amathambo akhethekile okuhlafuna, izinti, amaphedi asiza ukuhlanza amazinyo ngomphumela olimazayo, kanye namathoyizi okuxubha amazinyo nezinsini zokubhucunga. Izinkampani eziningi zokudla ezifuywayo ezaziwayo zengeza ama-anti-plaque agents ekudleni kwezinja namakati, njenge-polyphosphates, amafutha abalulekile, futhi zisebenzisa isakhiwo esikhethekile se-kibble yokudla okomile (ukuhlanza ngomshini). Lokhu kusebenza kuphela ku-plaque kanye nenani elincane lokubala. Ukuze uvimbele izifo zomlomo womlomo, kuyadingeka ukuhlola njalo umgodi womlomo wesilwane sakho, ukuhlanza i-plaque izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngesonto ngama-pastes akhethekile kanye nebhulashi lezilwane, ungasebenzisa uketshezi kanye nezifutho zomlomo womlomo. Njengoba kudingekile, udinga ukususa i-tartar ngamathuluzi noma isikali se-ultrasonic, ukuhlanza okunjalo kochwepheshe kwenziwa kuphela udokotela wezilwane. 

Indlela yokuhlanza amazinyo akho kusuka ku-plaque

Kudingekile ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo ekhethekile yezilwane - imithi yokuxubha abantu iyingozi uma igwinywa. Le nqubo iphinde idinga amabhulashi akhethekile ezilwane, ibhulashi lomunwe, ibhandishi elihlanganiswe ngomunwe, ezinjeni ezincane namakati, ungasebenzisa amabhulashi ezingane ezincane ezinama-soft bristles angeke alimaze impilo yesilwane. Izixuku zokuxubha namajeli ezinja akudingi ukuhlanzwa, futhi ngokuvamile ziba nokunambitheka okumnandi kwenja.

• Inketho elula ukugoqa umunwe wakho nge-bandage, okungcono izendlalelo ezingu-3-4. Okulandelayo, sebenzisa i-paste ekhethekile noma ijeli, bese usula amazinyo akho ngokunyakaza okukhanyayo. Lapho uxubha, ungasebenzisi amandla, ungacindezeli kanzima, ngenxa yokwesaba ukunwaya koqweqwe lwawo futhi ulimaze izinsini. 
• Faka i-paste kuma-bristles we-brush, shayela ngobumnene, uqale ngamazinyo angemuva. 
• Uma inqubo yenziwa okokuqala, kungase kungenzeki ukuhlanza wonke amazinyo ngesikhathi esisodwa. Yenza ukukhohlisa ngochungechunge lwezinyathelo.
• Asikho isidingo sokuhlanza ingaphakathi lamazinyo esilwane sakho njalo. Inja ingakwazi ukuyihlanza yodwa.
• Kuzodingeka wenze indawo ezolile ukuze isilwane sizwe inqubo kalula. Ukuhlanza akudingi kuhlotshaniswa nokungakhululeki. Kule nqubo, kunconywa ukukhuluma ngothando nesilwane, ukudumisa.

 Uma uthola noma yiziphi izinkinga ngomgodi womlomo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ungazilaphi, kodwa qiniseka ukuthi uthintana nodokotela wakho wezilwane ukuze uhlole, wenze ukuxilongwa okufanele kanye nokwelashwa okulungile.