Imibono eyiphutha "yomhumushi wezinja"

Nakuba isayensi yokuziphatha kwezilwane ithuthuka ngokugxumagxuma, ngeshwa, kusekhona “ochwepheshe” abangafuni ukufunda nokuba nemibono ngokuqeqeshwa kwezinja okwamukeleka kuphela phakathi nesikhathi sokuQulwa Kwamacala Ezihlubuki. Omunye walaba "ochwepheshe" yilowo obizwa ngokuthi "umhumushi wezinja" uCaesar Millan.

Yini engalungile “nge-doggy translator”?

Wonke amaklayenti nabalandeli bakaCaesar Millan banezinto ezimbili abafana ngazo: bathanda izinja zabo futhi abazi lutho ngemfundo nokuqeqeshwa. Ngempela, inja engenasimilo ingaba uvivinyo olungathi sína futhi ibe yingozi. Futhi kungokwemvelo ukuthi abantu ababhekene nobunzima bafuna usizo ukuze baphile ngokuvumelana nesilwane sabo esifuywayo. Kodwa, maye, “usizo” ngezinye izikhathi lungaphenduka inhlekelele enkulu nakakhulu kumakhasimende angenalwazi.

Kungokwemvelo ukuthi abantu abangenalwazi ngokuziphatha kwezilwane, bebona uCaesar Millan esiteshini seNational Geographic, bajabule. Nokho, i-National Geographic ngezinye izikhathi ayilungile.

Kunezizathu eziningi ezenza abantu babe abalandeli bakaCaesar Millan. Unobuhle, ubonisa ukuzethemba, uhlale “ekwazi” okufanele akwenze, futhi okubaluleke nakakhulu, uxazulula izinkinga ngokushesha. Futhi yilokhu abanikazi abaningi abakufunayo - "inkinobho yomlingo". Kumbukeli ongenalwazi, kubonakala njengomlingo.

Kodwa noma ubani onombono omncane wokuziphatha kwesilwane uzokutshela ngokushesha: uyakhohlisa.

UCaesar Millan ushumayela izimiso zokubusa nokuzithoba. Waze wadala amalebula akhe ukuze alebule izinja "eziyinkinga": inja evela endaweni ebomvu iyinja enolaka, ezithoba ngokuthula - kufanele kube njalo inja enhle, njalonjalo. Encwadini yakhe, ukhuluma ngezizathu ezi-2 zobudlova bezinja: "ubudlova obunamandla" - bathi inja "ingumholi wemvelo" "engazange ibuswe" ngokufanele ngumnikazi futhi ngenxa yalokho yaba nolaka emzamweni wokubamba isihlalo sobukhosi. . Olunye uhlobo lolaka alubiza ngokuthi “ukwesaba ulaka” yilapho inja iziphatha ngobudlova izama ukugwema izinto engazithandi. Futhi kuzo zombili izinkinga, "unekhambi" elilodwa - ukubusa.

Uphikisa ngokuthi izinja eziningi ezinenkinga “azihloniphi abanikazi bazo” futhi azizange ziqondiswe izigwegwe ngendlela efanele. Usola abantu ngezinja zobuntu - futhi lokhu, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kulungile, kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi, yena ngokwakhe unephutha. Bonke abaqeqeshi bezinja abanekhono bazokutshela ukuthi isimo sakhe sengqondo asilungile futhi sichaze ukuthi kungani.

Iningi lemibono kaMilan kuthiwa isekelwe empilweni yezimpisi "endle". Inkinga ukuthi ngaphambi kuka-1975, izimpisi zaziqothulwa kakhulu kangangokuthi kwaba yinkinga kakhulu ukuzifundela endle. Babefundelwa ekuthunjweni, lapho kwakukhona “imihlambi eyakhiwe kusengaphambili” endaweni elinganiselwe. Okusho ukuthi, lawa bekungamajele avikeleke kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukusho ukuthi ukuziphatha kwezimpisi ezimweni ezinjalo okungenani kufana nemvelo, ukuyibeka ngobumnene, akulungile ngokuphelele. Eqinisweni, ukuhlola kwakamuva okwenziwa endle empeleni kwabonisa ukuthi iqoqo lezimpisi liwumkhaya, futhi ubuhlobo phakathi kwabantu ngabanye bukhula ngendlela efanele, ngokusekelwe ekuxhumaneni komuntu siqu nokwabiwa kwezindima.

Inkinga yesibili ukuthi iphakethe lezinja lihluke kakhulu ngesakhiwo kusuka kuqoqo lezimpisi. Nokho, sesike sabhala ngalokhu.

Futhi izinja ngokwazo, ngesikhathi sokufuywa, zaqala ukuhluka kakhulu ekuziphatheni ezimpisini.

Kodwa uma inja ingaseyona impisi, kungani-ke situswa ukuba siyiphathe njengezilwane zasendle eziyingozi ezidinga “ukugawulwa nokudilizwa”?

Kungani kufaneleka ukusebenzisa ezinye izindlela zokuqeqesha nokulungisa ukuziphatha kwezinja?

Ukujezisa kanye nendlela ebizwa ngokuthi “ukucwiliswa emanzini” akuzona izindlela zokulungisa ukuziphatha. Izindlela ezinjalo zingacindezela kuphela ukuziphatha - kodwa okwesikhashana. Ngoba ayikho into efundiswa inja. Futhi ngokushesha noma kamuva, inkinga izophinde ivele—ngezinye izikhathi ngamandla amakhulu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inja efunde ukuthi umnikazi uyingozi futhi engalindelekile ilahlekelwa ukuzethemba, futhi umnikazi uhlangabezana nobunzima obuningi ekukhuliseni nasekuqeqesheni isilwane.

Inja “ingaziphatha kabi” ngenxa yezizathu eziningana. Angase angazizwa kahle, kungenzeka ukuthi ufundise isilwane esifuywayo (ngisho noma ungaqondile) ukuziphatha “okubi,” inja ingase ibe nesipiliyoni esibi esihlobene nalesi simo noma leso simo, isilwane singase singahlalisana kahle ... Kodwa asikho kulezi zizathu “ ukuphathwa” ngokubusa.

Okunye, izindlela zokuqeqesha ezisebenza kahle kakhulu nezinobuntu kade zakhiwe, ngokusekelwe ezifundweni zesayensi zokuziphatha kwezinja. Ukungahlangene ngalutho “nomzabalazo wokubusa.” Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindlela ezisekelwe ebudloveni obungokomzimba zimane nje ziyingozi kumnikazi nakwabanye, ngoba zakha ulaka (noma, uma unenhlanhla (hhayi inja), wafunda ukungabi namandla) futhi ziyabiza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. .

Kungenzeka ukufundisa inja noma yimaphi amakhono adingekayo empilweni evamile, kuphela ngokusetshenziswa kwesikhuthazo. Ngaphandle uma kunjalo, awuvilaphi kakhulu ukwakha isisusa senja nesifiso sokuxhumana nawe - kodwa lokhu kulula kakhulu ukukwenza kunalokho abantu abaningi abakucabangayo.

Ochwepheshe abaningi abaziwayo nabahlonishwayo abaqeqesha izinja abafana no-Ian Dunbar, uKaren Pryor, uPat Miller, uDkt. Nicholas Dodman kanye noDkt. Suzanne Hetts ube ngumgxeki wezwi wezindlela zikaCaesar Millan. Eqinisweni, akekho noyedwa uchwepheshe wangempela kulo mkhakha ongasekela izindlela ezinjalo. Futhi iningi lixwayisa ngokuqondile ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwazo kubangela ukulimala okuqondile futhi kubangela ingozi kokubili inja nomnikazi.

Yini enye ongayifunda kulesi sihloko?

Blauvelt, R. “Ukuqeqeshwa Kokuhleba Izinja Kusondela Okuyingozi Kakhulu Kunosizo.” Umngane Wezilwane Izindaba. Ikwindla 2006. 23; 3, amakhasi 1-2. Phrinta.

Kerkhove, Wendy van. "Ukubheka Kasha I-Wolf-Pack Theory of Companion Animal Dog Social Behavior" Ijenali ye-Applied Animal Welfare Science; 2004, Umq. 7 Ikhishwe 4, p279-285, 7p.

Luescher, Andrew. “Incwadi Eya Ku-National Geographic Mayelana ‘NeNja Ehlebayo.’” Ukungena Kwebhulogi. Ama-Urban Dawgs. Ifinyelelwe ngomhla ka-Novermber 6, 2010. (http://www.urbandawgs.com/luescher_millan.html)

Mech, L. David. "Isimo se-Alpha, ukubusa, kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwabasebenzi emaphaketheni empisi." I-Canadian Journal of Zoology 77: 1196-1203. Jamestown, ND. 1999.

Mech, L. David. "Kwenzekeni Ngegama elithi Alpha Wolf?" Ukungena Kwebhulogi. I-4 Paws University. Ifinyelelwe ngo-Okthoba 16, 2010. (http://4pawsu.com/alphawolf.pdf)

Meyer, E. Kathryn; Ciribassi, John; Sueda, Kari; UKrause, uKaren; Morgan, Kelly; Parthasarathy, Valli; Yin, Sophia; Bergman, Laurie. Incwadi ye-AVSAB ye-Merial." Juni 10, 2009.

Semyonova, A. “Inhlangano yezenhlalo yenja yasekhaya; isifundo sesikhathi eside sokuziphatha kwe-canine yasekhaya kanye ne-ontogeny yezinhlelo zezenhlalo ze-canine zasekhaya. " I-Carriage House Foundation, e-Hague, 2003. Amakhasi angama-38. Phrinta.