Ifundwa kanjani ilebula

Umnikazi wesilwane esifuywayo uthenga ukudla okomile ngezizathu eziningana:

• benza ukuphila kube lula kakhulu, tk. ukudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo akudingeki kuphekwe

• isilwane esifuywayo sithola konke esikudingayo: isethi ephelele yemisoco ngesilinganiso esifanele

• ukudla okukhethekile kusekela impilo yesilwane esifuywayo lapho sinokuthambekela kwezifo ezihlukahlukene

• ukudla okomile kuyonga: ngisho nokudla okomile okumba eqolo kubiza kancane kunokudla okunomsoco okunempilo okuzilungiselele ngokwakho.

Kodwa ukuze ukhethe ukudla okomile okulungile, udinga ukwazi ukuthi ungayifunda kanjani ilebula emaphaketheni ayo. Ayini amaphuzu ayisihluthulelo kuyo?

Kunolwazi oluhlukahlukene emaphaketheni, into esemqoka ukuthi ungayiphambanisi.

Ngaphambi kokuthenga ukudla, funda ngokucophelela amaphuzu amabili alandelayo:

1. Ukwakheka (noma “Izithako”)

Yilokhu ukudla okwenziwa ngokuqondile, imikhiqizo efakwa ku-mixer noma i-extruder.

Zonke izithako, ngokwemithetho ye-EU kanye ne-US, zibalwe ngokulandelana kwazo ngokwehla. Okokuqala, kukhona lezo ezitholakala kakhulu ngesisindo ekuphakeleni, bese kuthi labo abangaphansi kuka-1%, futhi ekugcineni yizithako ngesilinganiso esingu-0,1% ngekhilogremu ngayinye yokudla.

2. Ukuhlaziywa kwamakhemikhali

Lesi yisilinganiso sezakhi zokudla okunomsoco: amaprotheni, amafutha, amavithamini namaminerali ngamagremu angu-100 wokuphakelayo. Njengomthetho, kuboniswa njengephesenti, kodwa kungatholakala futhi ngamagremu.

Ama-carbohydrate awabhalwanga kulebula: abalwa ngokukhipha ku-100 zonke izinombolo ezinikezwe ekuhlaziyeni.

Kubalulekile ukwazi!

• Ilebula ingase ibonise izinombolo eziphelele, okungukuthi ngokwendaba eyomile (ukususa umswakama, bese kukhonjiswa ekuhlaziyeni) noma kumkhiqizo oluhlaza (isibonelo: amaprotheni aluhlaza, amafutha aluhlaza). Khona-ke izibalo zokugcina zizoba zikhudlwana, ngoba zizoqukatha amaphesenti ahlobene namanzi.

• Udinga ukuqaphela ngezinombolo ekuhlaziyeni: zibonisa inani lamaprotheni athuthukile kuzo zonke izithako. Kuzoba yingxube yezilwane, imifino kanye namaphrotheni esikhunta sebhaktheriya (uma kusetshenziswa imvubelo yotshwala nama-probiotics ekudleni). Lesi sibalo asikhombisi ukuthi wonke la maprotheni azomuncwa kahle kangakanani emzimbeni wenja noma wekati. Inikeza ulwazi mayelana nokuthi isilwane esifuywayo sidla malini, futhi kuya ngenani lezici:

- uyini umthombo wale phrotheni (isilwane noma imifino),

- iyiphi ingxenye yesilwane esetshenzisiwe (imisipha, inyama noma i-offal);

- esimweni somzimba: ingabe kukhona ukwephulwa kokugaya ukudla, ukumuncwa kwezakhi emgudwini wamathumbu kuphazamisekile, ingabe zikhona izinqubo zokuvuvukala ku-mucosa nezinye izifo.

Ukukhethela isilwane esifuywayo ukudla okuthile kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi engenziwa lula ngokwazi imithetho yokubhala ilebula nezici zesilwane sakho esithile.

Yini okufanele uyinake ekubunjweni?

• Isisekelo sokuphakelayo (isithako esisendaweni yokuqala ekubunjweni)

Izinja namakati ziyizilwane ezidla inyama, ngakho ukudla kufanele kusekelwe emthonjeni wamaprotheni esilwane.

Kungaba inyama yanoma yisiphi isilwane esincelisayo, inyoni noma inhlanzi, kanye neqanda nobisi amaprotheni. Izingxenye ezimbili zokugcina azivamile ukutholakala ngesisekelo sokudla. Abiza kakhulu futhi ajwayele ukungezwa ngamanani amancane ukuze kulinganiswe iphrofayili ye-amino acid yesiphakeli.

Kungcono uma isithako esiyinhloko samaprotheni ekudleni okomile siphelelwe amanzi, okungukuthi kuphelelwa amanzi, somile. Bese iba nesisindo esifanayo esihlobene kokubili ekufakweni kwenqubo yokulungiselela okuphakelayo nasekuphumeni, okungukuthi, emkhiqizweni oqediwe. Kodwa-ke, abakhiqizi abaningi basebenzisa inyama entsha njengoba ithuthukisa ukunambitheka kwesifunzo.

Uma inyama entsha isendaweni yokuqala ekubunjweni kokuphakelayo, qiniseka ukuthi ubheka isithako esilandelayo. Ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kokuphakelayo, umswakama ovela enyameni entsha (eluhlaza) uzohwamuka, ube nesisindo esincane futhi, empeleni, isithako esiyinhloko ekuphakeleni kuzoba yileso esibhalwe okwesibili ekubunjweni, ngemuva kwenyama entsha. Kungcono uma kuyinyama ephelelwe amanzi emzimbeni (iphrotheni yenkukhu noma into efana naleyo) kunelayisi noma ukolweni.

• Imithombo yama-carbohydrate

Imithombo eyinhloko yama-carbohydrates ekudleni kwezinja namakati yizinhlamvu. Ziqukethe ekubunjweni kwazo ushukela oyinkimbinkimbi - isitashi, okuthi, ukuhlukana, sinikeze umzimba i-glucose edingekayo ukuze uthole amandla.

Imithombo yama-carbohydrate ayikwazi ukuba okusanhlamvu, kodwa izitshalo zezimpande, izithelo, amakhabe nokunye ukudla kwezitshalo. Kodwa kufanele kube inani okungenani 30-40% mayelana nendaba eyomile (uma ubheka ukuhlaziya okuphakelayo), kungenjalo kuyoba nzima ukubiza lokhu feed olinganiselayo futhi kuphela izilwane ezithile, okuyinto kufanelekile ngenxa yezimpawu zomuntu ngamunye zomzimba.

Imithombo eminingi yama-carbohydrates ekudleni, yilapho izonikeza amandla isikhathi eside emzimbeni, inciphisa amathuba okuthola isisindo somzimba eseqile.

• I-Fiber

I-fiber iyiphesenti elincane, kodwa isakhi esibaluleke kakhulu mayelana nokusebenza komzimba nempilo.

Naka umthombo we-fiber. I-Cellulose iwusizo kumakati ukususa izinwele emgudwini wamathumbu, ukuvimbela ama-bezoars esiswini futhi isetshenziselwa ukwelapha izifo ezithile (ekuphakeleni okukhethekile kokudla). Kodwa kuzo zonke ezinye izilwane, akuzuzi, kodwa, ngokuphambene nalokho, kuvimbela ukumuncwa kwezakhi ezibalulekile ezifana nama-amino acid nama-fatty acids.

I-fiber ewusizo ingeyesigaba se- “Medium-fermented fiber”, futhi umthombo wayo oyinhloko ekudleni osekwenziwe amakati nezinja yi-pulp (i-pulp) ye-sugar beet. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-pulp ewusizo, njengoba ushukela uhlala ku-pulp (okubuye ngezinye izikhathi wengezwe ekudleni) ngemva kokukhiqizwa. Ushukela ungabangela izinqubo zokuvutshelwa ngokushesha emathunjini amakhulu, okuzoholela ekuqhumeni.

I-beet pulp isekela impilo yekholoni. Inikeza i-mucosa izakhi ezikhishwa yi-microflora enenzuzo ehlala kulesi sigaba. Ngokuhlanganiswa nama-prebiotics aqukethwe ekudleni (i-XOS - xylooligosaccharide, i-FOS - i-Fructo-oligosaccharides, i-inulin), i-beet pulp ayisekeli nje ukusebenza kahle kwamathumbu, kodwa futhi iqinisa isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela, ivikela umzimba wonke.

Amathumbu anempilo = amasosha omzimba anempilo.

• Amafutha

Imithombo yamafutha kufanele futhi ihluke, ngoba inikeza izingxenye ezibalulekile ezifana ne-omega fatty acids.

Kusuka emafutheni ezilwane, ama-Omega-6 fatty acids angena ngokuyinhloko emzimbeni, okuqinisekisa ukunwebeka kwezicubu nokukhanya nobuhle bejazi. Futhi kusukela ezinhlanzi (ikakhulukazi i-salmon) namafutha e-linseed - i-Omega-3 fatty acids. Banciphisa ukuphendula komzimba ekuvuvukeni futhi bakhuthaze isikhumba esinempilo namalunga.

Ibhalansi yama-fatty acids ekudleni kubaluleke kakhulu, ngakho-ke kufanele unake isilinganiso sabo. Kufanele ikhonjiswe ephaketheni (noma inombolo yabo ekuhlaziyweni, kodwa futhi ungayibala kumshini wokubala). Isilinganiso esifanele sokuphila sokugcina impilo yenja nekati izingxenye ezingu-5-10 ze-Omega-6 kuya ku-1 ingxenye ye-Omega-3.

• ISO

Inzuzo yesiphakeli izoba ukusetshenziswa kwe-MOS (mannanoligosaccharides) njengemithombo ye-fiber yokudla engancibiliki.

Umphumela onenzuzo we-MOS ukubopha i-microflora ye-pathogenic. Uma esesemzimbeni, ama-mannanoligosaccharides anamathela kumagciwane futhi awasuse emzimbeni kanye nendle, ngaleyo ndlela avimbele ukusabalala kwawo emzimbeni.

• Yukka Shidigera

Enye ingxenye ebalulekile elwa ne-microflora ye-pathogenic futhi isekela ukugaya.

I-Yucca ijwayele ukusebenza kohlelo lokugaya ukudla, ilawula izinqubo zokuphuma kwegazi, isuse i-ammonia, ibhubhise amagciwane e-pathogenic kanye nezinhlamvu zesikhunta.

Le ngxenye yethulwa ekudleni ukuze kuqedwe iphunga elibi lemvelo ehlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nephunga lendle.

Ukwakheka kokuphakelayo kuyehluka kuye ngenjongo yako. Ukudla kuzoletha inzuzo enkulu uma kukhethelwe izici zomuntu ngamunye zesilwane esifuywayo. Ngakho-ke, ngekati eliyinzalo noma elikhulile, udinga ukukhetha ababusi abafanelekile (abayinzalo nabadala). Ezilwaneni ezifuywayo ezinokuthambekela kwezifo ezithile, izidlo ezikhethekile zokwelapha zifanelekile ezizokuvumela ukuba ugcine inkinga ngaphansi kokulawula. Ukukhethwa kokudla kufanele kuvunyelwane nodokotela wezilwane.

Uma usunqumile ulayini wokudla, ungawushintshi ngaphandle uma kunesidingo. Noma yiluphi ushintsho ekudleni lucindezela umzimba.

Ukudla okunempilo nokumnandi kwezilwane ezifuywayo!