Avela kanjani amakati?

Ososayensi namanje abakabi nawo umbono owodwa ngomsuka wekati elifuywayo. Hlobo luni lwezakhiwo abantu abangazange bazinikeze namakati! EGibhithe lasendulo, babekhonzwa, bakhonzwa futhi benikelwa; ngeNkathi Ephakathi, iVatican yasola amakati ngokuhlotshaniswa nodeveli, ewenza abasizi abathembekile babathakathi nemimoya emibi. Abonakala kanjani ngempela amakati ekuphileni komuntu?

idlozi lasendle

Ngokusho kwe-classical theory, ukhokho wekati elifuywayo yikati le-steppe, elihlala e-Afrika, e-Asia, eNdiya, eTranscaucasia naseKazakhstan. Amakati e-Steppe makhulu kunezihlobo zawo ezifuywayo, anezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zombala: kusukela esihlabathini kuya kumabala futhi anemigqa. Lezi zilwane ziphila impilo yodwa futhi zithanda ukuzingela izilwane ezincane namagundane.

Eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezimbalwa edlule eMpumalanga Ephakathi kwakukhona isifunda esinegama lobunkondlo le-Fertile Crescent, eyayihlanganisa izindawo zaseGibhithe, eMesophothamiya, eFenike nase-Asiriya. Lesi sifunda esibizwa ngabavubukuli ngokuthi isizinda sempucuko, sasiyisiqalo sokufuya nokulima eminyakeni engaba ngu-10 edlule. Kanye nokusanhlamvu (ukolweni), abantu banezitha ezintsha - amagundane. Khona-ke abantu baqale bathambisa amakati amahlanu asemaqeleni ayevikela okusanhlamvu. Baba okhokho bawo wonke amakati afuywayo akhona namuhla.

Ngokumangalisayo, ubufakazi bokuqala bokufuywa kwekati batholakala eCyprus: lapho, ososayensi bathola ukungcwaba okwenziwe cishe eminyakeni eyi-9 edlule.

Kuyaziwa ukuthi amakati alethwa esiqhingini yibo bonke abantu abafanayo abavela eFertile Crescent. Ngokuqondene neGibhithe kanye nokubonakaliswa kwekati elifuywayo ngabaseGibhithe, izenzakalo lapha zaqala ukukhula kamuva - cishe ngenkulungwane yesithathu BC.

Ngendlela, amakati afika eYurophu kanye nabathengisi abanekhono - abaseFenike. Futhi, lezi zilwane zazilindele impumelelo. EGreece yasendulo, amakati ayehlonishwa kakhulu kunamabhubesi ayehlala kule ndawo ngaleso sikhathi. Amakati ayengavamile kakhulu ngakho-ke ayenenani eliphakeme kakhulu. Isidingo salezi zilwane ezifuywayo saqala ukwehla kuphela ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX AD, lapho isithombe sekati siqala ukwenziwa idemoni kancane kancane.

Ukubonakala kwamakati eRussia

Akunakwenzeka ukusho ngokuqondile ukuthi amakati avela nini eRussia, kodwa kwaziwa ngokuqinisekile ukuthi afika nabasolwandle ngisho nangaphambi kwe-Epiphany, okungukuthi, ngaphambi kwekhulu lesi-XNUMX. Ngokushesha bawina isikhundla sezilwane ezihlonishwayo. Ngesilwane esisodwa esifuywayo babekhokha ngaphezu kwenkomo noma inqama. Ngendlela, inja ibiza cishe okufanayo ngaleso sikhathi.

Igama elithi "ikati" ngokwalo akulona isiRashiya, kodwa livela kwelesiLatini elithi "kattus". Abesifazane, ngendlela, babebizwa ngokuthi "i-kotka" kuze kube ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX. Kuphela kamuva, "k" yengezwe ku-"kosha" enciphayo - igama lesimanje elithi "ikati" lavela.

E-Russia, amakati awakaze ashushiswe ngokuhlangana kwawo nodeveli. Kunalokho, ikati liwukuphela kwesilwane esingangena ethempelini. Futhi konke ngoba kudala yasiza umuntu ekulweni namagundane. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lesi-XNUMX, uPeter I waze wakhipha isimemezelo esihambisanayo: sokuba nekati kuzo zonke izinqolobane ukuze ligade okusanhlamvu futhi lesabise amagundane. Inkosi ngokwayo yaba yisibonelo ngokuthatha ikati uVasily eWinter Palace.

Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, indawo yokuhlala yomndeni wasebukhosini yabhekana neshwa: amagundane namagundane ahlukanisile esigodlweni. Khona-ke u-Elizaveta Petrovna wayala amagundane angama-30 angcono kakhulu ukuba alethwe eKazan. Ngendlela, kusukela ngaleso sikhathi umlando we-Hermitage cats waqala, kuze kube yilolu suku ukufeza umsebenzi wabo.