I-Euthanasia yezilwane ezihuquzelayo kanye nama-amphibians
Uhlolojikelele olujwayelekile lwendaba ye-euthanasia ku-herpetology yezilwane
Kunezizathu eziningi zokukhulula isilwane esihuquzelayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezindlela eziningi zokufeza lo msebenzi. Amasu afanele inhloso eyodwa angase angayifanele enye. Iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyini imbangela kanye nendlela, indlela yobuntu yokubulawa kwesiguli.
Izinkomba ze-euthanasia, njengomthetho, izifo ezingelapheki ezibangela ukuhlupheka esilwaneni. Futhi, le nqubo yenzelwa izinjongo zocwaningo noma njengengxenye yokuhlatshwa kwezilwane ngenjongo yokudla noma yezimboni emapulazini. Kunezindlela eziningi zokwenza le nqubo, kodwa isimiso sabo esiyinhloko ukunciphisa ubuhlungu nokuhlupheka okungadingekile kwesilwane kanye nesivinini noma ukushelela kwenqubo.
Izinkomba ze-euthanasia zingase zihlanganise ukulimala okubi kakhulu, izigaba ezingasebenzi zezifo zokuhlinzwa, izifo ezibeka ingozi kwezinye izilwane noma abantu, kanye nesifo sofuba ezimfudumeni ezacile.
Inqubo kumele yenziwe ngendlela efanele, ngoba kwesinye isikhathi i-autopsy yesilwane iyadingeka ngomphumela orekhodiwe, futhi inqubo eyenziwe ngokungalungile ingafiphaza kakhulu isici sesithombe se-pathoanatomical sesifo esisolwayo.
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| I-Euthanasia ngomjovo ebuchosheni ngeso le-parietal Source: Mader, 2005 | I-Euthanasia ngokunqunywa ikhanda ngemva kokubulala izinzwa Umthombo: Mader, 2005 |
Amaphuzu okufaka isicelo sokujova ebuchosheni ngeso le-parietal (lesithathu) Umthombo: D.Mader (2005)
Ubuchopho bezimfudu buyakwazi ukugcina umsebenzi wabo isikhathi esithile ngaphansi kwezimo zokulamba komoya-mpilo, okufanele kucatshangelwe, ngoba kunezimo zokuvuka kungazelelwe kwesilwane ngemuva "kwenqubo yokugcina"; i-apnea iyodwa akwanele ukufa. Abanye ababhali bakwamanye amazwe bacebise ukuhlinzekwa kwesixazululo se-formalin emthonjeni womgogodla noma i-anesthetics, kanye nezidakamizwa ezikhethwa yi-euthanasia, futhi baphinde baqagela mayelana nokusetshenziswa kosawoti we-potassium ne-magnesium njengama-cardioplegic agents (ukunciphisa amathuba okubuyisela umsebenzi wokupompa we-euthanasia). inhliziyo) ukuze uvimbele ukuphaphama. Indlela yokuhogela izinto eziguquguqukayo zezimfudu ayinconywa ngenxa yokuthi izimfudu zingabamba umoya isikhathi eside ngokwanele. UFry emibhalweni yakhe (1991) uveza ukuthi inhliziyo iyaqhubeka nokushaya isikhathi eside ngemuva kwenqubo yokubulala abantu, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuqoqa igazi uma kudingekile ukuze kwenziwe ucwaningo ngenhloso yokuhlaziywa kwesidumbu secala lomtholampilo. Lokhu kufanele futhi kubhekwe lapho kuqinisekiswa ukufa.
Ngokusobala, abanye abacwaningi abangaphansi kwe-euthanasia basho ukubulawa okuqondile ngokulimala ngokomzimba ebuchosheni ngosizo lwamathuluzi, futhi izinqubo ezithathwa ekwelashweni kwezilwane zenziwa njengokulungiswa kwesilwane.
Miningi imihlahlandlela ye-euthanasia yezilwane ezihuquzelayo eyanyatheliswa e-USA, kodwa isihloko esithi “izinga legolide” sisanikezwa ochwepheshe abaningi kuma-monographs kaDkt. Cooper. Ukuze uthole ukwelashwa, ochwepheshe bezilwane zakwamanye amazwe basebenzisa i-ketamine, okwenza kube lula ukuletha umuthi oyinhloko emthanjeni, futhi kunciphisa ukucindezeleka esilwaneni futhi kuvimbele umnikazi ekukhathazekeni okungadingekile uma ekhona ekubulaweni kwe-euthanasia. Okulandelayo, kusetshenziswa ama-barbiturates. Abanye ochwepheshe basebenzisa i-calcium chloride ngemva kokuphathwa kwezinzwa. Izidakamizwa zinikezwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene: nge-intravenously, kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi. iso le-parietal. Izixazululo zinganikezwa nge-intracelomically noma nge-intramuscularly; kunombono wokuthi le mizila yokuphatha nayo iyasebenza, kodwa umphumela uza kancane kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, umuntu kufanele acabangele iqiniso lokuthi ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, i-hypothermia noma ukugula (okuyinto, eqinisweni, ehlala njalo ezinkomba ze-euthanasia) kungaba inhibitors yokumuncwa kwezidakamizwa. Isiguli singafakwa egunjini lokulethwa kwezinzwa eziphefumulayo (i-halothane, isoflurane, i-sevoflurane), kodwa le nqubo ingaba yinde kakhulu ngoba, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ezinye izilwane ezihuquzelayo ziyakwazi ukubamba umoya futhi zingene ezinqubweni ze-anaerobic, ezizinikeza okuthile. isikhathi sokuthola i-apnea; lokhu ngokuyinhloko kusebenza ezingwenya nezimfudu zasemanzini.
Ngokuka-D.Mader (2005), izilwane eziphila emanzini nasezweni, phakathi kwezinye izinto, zigunyazwa kusetshenziswa i-TMS (Tricaine methane sulfonate) kanye ne-MS - 222. UCooper, u-Ewebank noPlatt (1989) baveze ukuthi izilwane ezihlala emanzini zingabulawa emanzini ane-sodium bicarbonate. noma ithebhulethi ye-Alco-Seltzer. I-Euthanasia ene-TMS (i-Tricaine methane sulfonate) ngokusho kuka-Wayson et al. (1976) ingcindezi encane. Ukuphathwa kwe-intracelomic okunconyiwe kwe-TMS ngethamo lama-200 mg/kg. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-ethanol ekugxilweni okukhulu kuno-20% nakho kusetshenziselwa i-euthanasia. I-Pentobarbital ilawulwa ngethamo lika-100 mg/kg nge-intracelomically. Ayikhethwa abanye odokotela bezifo ngenxa yokuthi idala izinguquko zezicubu ezifiphalisa kakhulu isithombe se-pathological (Kevin M. Wright et Brent R. Whitaker, 2001).
Ezinyokanyoka, i-T 61 ifakwa ngaphakathi kwenhliziyo (i-intramuscularly noma intracelomically njengoba kudingeka, futhi umuthi ujovwa emaphashini. Ezinyoka ezinobuthi, ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezihogeliwe noma isitsha esine-chloroform kungcono uma singatholakali. I-T 61 nayo iyatholakala. Ngokuphathelene nezingwenya ezinkulu kakhulu, abanye ababhali bakhuluma ngokudutshulwa ngemuva kwekhanda, uma ingekho enye indlela.Kunzima ngathi ukwahlulela ukubulawa kwezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezinkulu kakhulu ngokudubula ku- isibhamu, ngisho ngasohlangothini lwezomnotho lodaba, ngakho-ke sizogwema ukuphawula ngalolu daba ikakhulukazi.Ukubanda kunendawo yakho phakathi kwamasu okubulawa kwezilwane ezihuquzelayo.Le ndlela isiye yanda phakathi kwabathanda ukuzilibazisa.UCooper, u-Ewebank, noRosenberg (1982) baye bazwakalisa ukungayethembi komuntu le ndlela, ngisho noma isiguli silungiswa ngaphambi kokubekwa ekamelweni, ngenxa yokuthi ukuqandisa efrijini kuthatha isikhathi eside.Ukuze kube yiqhwa, bancamela ukubeka isilwane ku-nitrogen ewuketshezi. Nokho, uma zingekho ezinye izindlela, le ndlela ngezinye izikhathi isetshenziswa ngemva kokubulala isilwane.
Enye yezindlela zokulimaza ubuchopho ngethuluzi ngemuva kokwethulwa kwesilwane ku-anesthesia. Umthombo: McArthur S., Wilkinson R., Meyer J, 2004.
I-Decapitation ngokuqinisekile akuyona indlela yobuntu ye-euthanasia. Cooper et al. (I-1982) ibonise ukuthi ubuchopho be-reptilian bungakwazi ukubona ubuhlungu kuze kube yihora le-1 ngemva kokuphuka ngomgogodla. Izincwadi eziningi zichaza indlela yokubulala ngokulimaza ubuchopho ngethuluzi elibukhali. Ngokombono wethu, le ndlela yenzeka ngendlela yokuhlinzeka ngezixazululo ebuchosheni ngomjovo esweni le-parietal. Okunye okuphambene nobuntu ukopha (ukuphila kwesikhashana kobuchopho bezilwane ezihuquzelayo kanye nezilwane ezihlala emanzini ngesikhathi se-hypoxia kushiwo ngenhla), ukushaywa okunamandla ekhanda kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezibhamu. Kodwa-ke, indlela yokudubula isuka esikhalini esinezinga elikhulu iye esweni le-parietal lezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezinkulu kakhulu isetshenziswa ngenxa yokungenzeki kokwenza ukukhohlisa kobuntu okwengeziwe.
Impumelelo yamasu ahlukene e-euthanasia (ngokukaMader, 2005):
Izilwane | Deep iqhwa | Isingeniso Amakhemikhali Izinto | Ukucwiliswa ezisombululweni | Inhalation | Physical umthelela |
Izibankwa | <40 g | + | - | + | + |
Snakes | <40 g | + | - | + | + |
Izifudu | <40 g | + | - | - | + |
Izingwenya | - | + | - | - | + |
Ama-Amphibians | <40 g | + | + | - | + |
Ngokubhekiselwa ku-BSAVA's Exotic Animals (2002), uhlelo lwe-euthanasia lwezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezamukelwa eNtshonalanga lungafingqwa kuthebula:
Stage | Ukulungiselela | Umthamo | Umzila wokuphatha |
1 | UKetamine | 100-200 mg / kg | kwe /m |
2 | I-Pentobarbital (Nembutal) | 200 mg/kg | ngi/v |
3 | Ukucekelwa phansi kobuchopho | ||
U-Vasiliev DB uphinde wachaza ukuhlanganiswa kwezigaba ezimbili zokuqala zetafula (ukunikezwa kwe-Nembutal nokuphathwa kokuqala kwe-ketamine) kanye nokuphathwa kwe-intracardial ye-barbiturate kuma-turtles amancane. encwadini yakhe ethi Turtles. Isondlo, izifo kanye nokwelashwa "(2011). Sivamise ukusebenzisa uhlobo lomuthi oluhlanganisa i-propofol emithanjeni ngethamo elijwayelekile lokubulala izinzwa ezihuquzelayo (5-10 ml/kg) noma i-chloroform chamber yezibankwa nezinyoka ezincane kakhulu, kulandele i-intracardiac (ngesinye isikhathi ifakwa emthanjeni) i-lidocaine 2% (2 ml/kg ). kg). Ngemuva kwazo zonke izinqubo, isidumbu sifakwa efrijini (Kutorov, 2014).
Kutorov SA, Novosibirsk, 2014
Literature 1. I-Vasiliev DB Turtles. Okuqukethwe, izifo kanye nokwelashwa. – M .: “Aquarium Print”, 2011. 2. Yarofke D., Lande Yu. Izilwane ezihuquzelayo. Izifo nokwelashwa. – M. “Aquarium Print”, 2008. 3. BSAVA. 2002. Ibhukwana le-BSAVA Lezilwane Ezifuywayo Ezingavamile. 4. Mader D., 2005. Umuthi wezilwane ezihuquzelayo nokuhlinzwa. Saunders Elsvier. 5. McArthur S., Wilkinson R., Meyer J. 2004. Imithi kanye nokuhlinzwa kwezimfudu nezimfudu. Blackwell Publishing. 6. Wright K., Whitaker B. 2001. Umuthi wama-amphibian kanye nokulima okuthunjiweyo. Krieger Publishing.
Landa isihloko ngefomethi ye-PDF
Uma bengekho odokotela bezilwane be-herpetologist, le ndlela elandelayo ye-euthanasia ingasetshenziswa - ukweqisa umthamo wama-25 mg / kg wanoma iyiphi i-anesthesia yezilwane (Zoletil noma iTelazol) IM bese ifakwa efrijini.
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