Ukutheleleka kwe-Circovirus yezinyoni

I-Circovirus infection – PBFD (Psittacine beak and feather disease) noma upholi we-circovirus PsCV-1 – isifo esibangelwa igciwane lomndeni wakwa-Circoviridae esicindezela amasosha omzimba ezinyoni, ngaphandle sibhubhisa uqhwaku, izinzipho nezinsiba. Lesi sifo sinzima kakhulu kumatshwele kanye nopholi abancane.

Izindlela zokutheleleka

Umthombo wamagciwane yindle yezinyoni nolunye uketshezi ezilukhiphayo. Emvelweni, igciwane lizinzile, liqhubeka izinyanga ezingu-6, futhi kulokhu, ezinye izinyoni zingase zitheleleke ngezinto zokunakekelwa, ikheji, ukudla, amanzi.

Izimpawu

Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka futhi ngokuvamile aziqondile, okungukuthi, ngezinye izikhathi akunakwenzeka ngokushesha ukusola i-circovirus. Naphezu kwalokhu, umnikazi kufanele anake impilo ye-parrot yakhe. Izimpawu zesixwayiso zihlanganisa:

• Ukucindezelwa nokukhathala
• Ukunciphisa ukudla
• Ukuhlanza nokuhuda
• Ukuvuvukala kwe-Goiter
• Ukuguqulwa kwezinzipho noqhwaku
• Ukushintsha umbala nokukhula ngokweqile kwezicubu zoqhwaku
• edidekile
• Ukukhula kwezimpaphe okungajwayelekile, izimpaphe ezimfushane, ezigoqene
• Izimpaphe zome ngokweqile futhi zibe brittle
• Ukulahlekelwa okuphelele kwezimpaphe
• Isikhumba siba mncane, sivuvukele, sitholakalele izifo
• Ukuvuvukala kungathinta imbobo yomlomo

Ihlukile ekuzihlwitheni - upholi awuzihlwithi izimpaphe futhi uzilimaza - lezi zinsiba zikhula ngendlela engafanele bese ziyawa. Indlela elula yokuhlukanisa i-PBFD nokuzihlwitha uma zingekho izimpaphe nasezindaweni zomzimba wenyoni ezingafinyeleleki emlonyeni, njengekhanda.

Amafomu esifo

Isikhathi sokufakwa kwalesi sifo, okungukuthi, isikhathi kusukela lapho i-pathogen ingena emzimbeni wenyoni kuze kube yilapho kuvela izimpawu zokuqala zomtholampilo, singasukela emasontweni ambalwa kuya eminyakeni eminingana. Kuncike ezintweni eziningi: izimo lapho inyoni ihlala khona, ubudala, izifo ezikhona, ukungatheleleki. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zalesi sifo: esiyingozi nesingapheli. 

• Ngefomu elibi, lesi sifo siqhubeka ngokushesha, izilonda zangaphakathi zibalulekile futhi inyoni iyafa ngesikhathi esifushane. Kukhona ukuntula ukudla, ukuncipha kwesisindo, ukuhlanza kanye nesifo sohudo, ukulahlekelwa noma ukubola kwezinsiba - ngokuyinhloko ama-fluff, izimpaphe ezinkulu ziyaphuka futhi ziwa kalula, ukukhathala nokucindezeleka. 

• Ngendlela engapheli, inqubo ivilapha, ihlala izinyanga neminyaka, ngesinye isikhathi umnikazi angabona umonakalo ngaphandle: ukukhula okungavamile kwezinsiba, ukubola kwezinzipho noqhwaku. Ngaleli fomu, ama-parrots nawo angafa, kodwa kaningi kusukela ekuthelelekeni kwesibili, okubekwe phezu kwesifo esiyisisekelo ngokumelene nesizinda sokuncipha kokuzivikela komzimba.

Diagnostics

Ukuxilonga kungase kube nzima kakhulu. I-Circovirus izenza njengezinye izifo ezinezimpawu zayo, futhi ngokuvamile abanikazi baqala ukwelapha inyoni ngama-parasites, noma bacabange ngokuntuleka kwamavithamini ekudleni, futhi baphuthelwe isikhathi. Ngezimpawu zanoma yisiphi isifo ezinyonini, kungcono ukuthintana nodokotela wezinyoni, ozoqoqa ngokucophelela i-anamnesis ngolwazi mayelana nempilo nokugula kwe-parrot, futhi ahlole ngokucophelela. 

• Kungase kudingeke ukuhlolwa kwegazi nge-biochemical.
• Qinisekisa i-circovirus nge-PCR. Le ndlela ikuvumela ngokunembile ukubala ubukhona be-ejenti esithathelwanayo. Udoti uthathwa ukuze uhlaziywe noma ama-swabs athathwe ku-goiter, kuthathwa isikhumba noma i-feather biopsy.
• Udokotela angase futhi athathe ama-scrapings for microscopy ukuze akhiphe ama-parasites nama-swabs kwezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye negciwane.

Uma inyoni ifile, nezinye izinyoni zihlala endlini yakho, khona-ke kufanelekile ukwenza i-autopsy ye-pathological, lokhu kuzosiza ekwenzeni ukuxilongwa nokusiza ukusindisa abanye abakhileyo.  

Isibikezelo, ukwelashwa kanye nokuvimbela

Isibikezelo sokutholwa kwe-circovirus siyaqaphela, njengoba okwamanje akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kanye nemigomo esebenzayo. Kuye ngenkambo, i-parrot ingafa phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa noma iminyaka embalwa, kodwa amacala okubuyiselwa kwangaphandle nawo achazwe. Nokho, ukuhlukaniswa kwegciwane kungase kuqhubeke, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuhlukanisa isiguli. Kudingeka:

• Dala izimo zokuphila ezisezingeni eliphezulu zenyoni, unikeze ukudla okusha namanzi, amavithamini namaminerali.
• Gcina ngaphansi kokulawula ukuthuthukiswa kokutheleleka kwesibili. 
• Hlukanisa ogulayo kwabanempilo. 
• Yenza ukwelashwa okuhlanzekile nokuhlanzekile kweseli.

Lapho uthenga inyoni entsha, kuyadingeka ukuthatha i-PCR ukuze ungabandakanyi inqola, kodwa ingakhishwa ngokuphelele lapho uqhuba izifundo ezimbili ngesikhawu sezinyanga ezintathu. Futhi, ungakhohlwa mayelana nokuhlukaniswa. Lokhu kuzovikela imfuyo hhayi kuphela ku-circovirus, kodwa nakwezinye izifo. Kungcono ukungeqi izinqubo zokuvimbela ngendlela yokuqeda izikelemu kanye nokwelashwa okuvela kuma-parasite angaphandle, ngoba ukuzivikela kwenyoni kuncike, phakathi kwezinye izinto, kuzo.