Izici ze-Doberman Pinscher nokuthi kufanelekile ukugcinwa endlini

Izicukuthwane, ezinamandla, ezithembekile… Imvamisa, yile ndlela indoda ethandekayo echazwa ngayo, kodwa, ngokuxakile, abafowethu abancane nabo bangavusa ukuhlangana okufanayo. Sikhuluma ngenja, okungukuthi i-Doberman. Imvelo yale nja isithakasele abaningi kusukela yethulwa.

Uze abe nesidlaliso esingabazisayo – “inja kadeveli”. Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izizathu zesidlaliso esinjalo? Okokuqala, ixhunywe nobuciko bemvelo namandla. Okwesibili, umbala ukhuluma ngengozi yokufa. Okwesithathu, inja esiza amaphoyisa ethungatha izigebengu, ayikwazi ukuba "nomusa futhi ithambile".

Kubalulekile ukuthi e-USA le nja isetshenziswa ezinsizeni zokuphepha kaningi kunama-German Shepherds, Pit Bulls, Rottweilers. Elinye iqiniso elingokomlando ukusetshenziswa kweDobermans yi-US Navy phakathi nempi ka-1939-1945. Phakathi neMpi YeVietnam, abameleli balolu hlobo oluthile babesetshenziselwa izinjongo zempi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi baziphatha ngokucophelela ngangokunokwenzeka ehlathini.

Njengoba ubona, umgomo oyinhloko wokukhethwa kwalolu hlobo kwakuwukudala inja yesevisi yendawo yonke, okungafanele ibe nonya kuphela, kodwa futhi iqaphe kakhulu futhi izinikele ngokungapheli kumnikazi.

Umlando wemvelaphi yohlobo

Indawo yokuzalwa yalolu hlobo yiJalimane, okungukuthi idolobha elincane lase-Apold (Thuringia). I-Doberman uhlobo oluncane lwenja eyakhuliswa iphoyisa lendawo kanye nomthelisi, uFriedrich Louis Dobermann. Wayedinga inja ukuze enze imisebenzi yakhe esemthethweni, kodwa zonke izinhlobo ezikhona zamdumaza. Ekuqondeni kwakhe, inja efanelekile kufanele ibe ijazi elihlakaniphile, elisheshayo, elibushelelezi, elidinga ukunakekelwa okuncane, ukuphakama okuphakathi kanye nolaka.

Imibukiso yayivame ukubanjelwa eThuringia lapho wawungathenga khona isilwane. Kusukela ngo-1860, u-Dobermann akakaze aphuthelwe umbukiso owodwa noma wezilwane. Kanye namanye amaphoyisa kanye nabajwayelene nabo, u-Dobermann wanquma ukuthatha ukuzalanisa uhlobo oluhle lwenja. Ukuzalanisa uhlobo oluhle, wathatha izinja ezinamandla, ezisheshayo, ezigijimayo, ezinolaka. Izinja ezazibamba iqhaza ekuzaleni zazingezona njalo uhlobo oluhlanzekile. Into eyinhloko kwakuyizimfanelo zabo njengomlindi ofanelekayo.

Namanje akwaziwa ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezithile ezasetshenziswa ukuzalanisa uhlobo olusha. Kucatshangwa ukuthi Okhokho bakaDoberman bakhona izinhlobo zezinja ezilandelayo:

• ama-rottweilers;
• amaphoyisa;
• i-borone;
• pincher.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunobufakazi bokuthi igazi le-Doberman liphinde lixutshwe negazi le-Great Dane, i-Pointer, i-Greyhound ne-Gordon Setter. U-Dobermann wayekholelwa ukuthi yilezi zinhlobo ezizokhipha inja yendawo yonke. Eminyakeni eminingi kamuva, kwazalwa uhlobo olusha lwezinja, olwalubizwa ngokuthi i-Thuringian Pinscher. I-Pinscher yajabulela ukuthandwa okuningi phakathi kwabantu ababefuna ukuthola unogada onokwethenjelwa, oqinile futhi ongesabi.

UFriedrich Louis Dobermann washona ngo-1894 futhi uhlobo luqanjwe kabusha ngokuhlonishwa kwakhe - "Doberman Pinscher". Ngemva kokufa kwakhe, umfundi wakhe, u-Otto Geller, waqala ukuzalanisa lolu hlobo. Wayekholelwa ukuthi i-Pinscher akufanele ibe inja ethukuthele kuphela, kodwa futhi ibe nobudlelwane. Kwakungu-Otto Geller owathambisa isimilo sakhe esinzima futhi wamphendula inzalo eyayidingeka kakhulu phakathi kwemibhangqwana eshadile.

Ngo-1897, umbukiso wokuqala wezinja we-Doberman Pinscher wabanjelwa e-Erfurt, futhi ngo-1899 iklabhu yokuqala ye-Doberman Pinscher yasungulwa e-Apolda. Ngemva konyaka, iklabhu yashintsha igama layo laba "i-National Doberman Pinscher Club yaseJalimane". Inhloso yale kilabhu bekuwukuzalanisa, ukwazisa nokuthuthukisa lolu hlobo lwezinja. Selokhu kwasungulwa le kilabhu, inani lalolu hlobo selivele laba ngabameleli abangaphezu kwe-1000.

Ngo-1949, isiqalo se-pinscher sasuswa. Lokhu kwakungenxa yezingxabano eziningi maqondana nezwe lendabuko yalolu hlobo. Ukuze bayeke noma yikuphi ukuhlukumeza kanye nezingxabano, banquma ukushiya kuphela igama elithi "Doberman", elibonisa umJalimane odumile owazala lolu hlobo.

AmaDoberman adumile

Njenganoma yiziphi ezinye izinhlobo, lolu hlobo lwezinja lunabameleli balo abadumile. Umhlaba wonke uyaziwa inja ye-tracker, owaxazulula amacala angaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyi-1,5 - iClub evelele. Le Doberman yohlobo oluhlanzekile yakhuliswa eJalimane ku-"von Thuringian" (indlwana ka-Otto Geller) futhi yabonakala ihlakaniphile nje.

U-Tref wasebenza njenge-bloodhound eRussia, lapho ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-1908 "Inhlangano YaseRussia Yokukhuthazwa Kwezinja Emsebenzini Wamaphoyisa Nabaqaphi" yasungulwa. Lo mphakathi wasungulwa ngu-cynologist waseRussia odumile u-VI Lebedev, owayethanda kakhulu i-Dobermans futhi ekholelwa ekuthuthukisweni kwabo okuqhubekayo. Konke ukucabanga kwakhe namathemba akhe kwathethelelwa emuva ngo-Okthoba XNUMX, lapho iClub iqala ukusebenza.

October Revolution ka-1917 kanye nayo yonke imicimbi eyalandela kuthinte kabi ukukhula kohlobo - cishe bonke abameleli balolu hlobo baqedwa. Kuphela ngo-1922 baqala ukuvuselela ngokuhlelekile i-Doberman Pinscher. Ukuzalanisa, i-nursery yasungulwa eLeningrad. Ngonyaka olandelayo, "i-Central Nursery School" yasungulwa, lapho izinja zafuywa khona emnyangweni wophenyo lobugebengu we-NKVD. Esikhathini esizayo, ukuthandwa kwalolu hlobo kwathola umfutho kuphela, hhayi ukuzithoba ngisho nakuMalusi waseJalimane.

Futhi, "Isigaba Esimaphakathi Sokuzalanisa Izinja Zesevisi" sadalwa, esibambe iqhaza emibukisweni eminingi, ebambe imincintiswano yamazwe ngamazwe, lapho izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezinja, kuhlanganise ne-Dobermans, zanikezwa khona.

Naphezu kwentuthuko esheshayo, kuye kwavela izinkinga eziningi ezihlobene nokuzalanisa kanye ukusetshenziswa okusemthethweni lolu hlobo esikhathini esizayo. Ngakho-ke, ukwakheka kwe-USSR kwaba nomthelela omubi ekuzalweni kwalolu hlobo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi abameleli bezinga eliphezulu babengasangeniswa kwiNyunyana, ngakho-ke abantu abasele ezinkulisa baba nesandla ekuqhamukeni kwabameleli abasha abanolaka nobugwala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abakwaDoberman baba nonya futhi babe nejazi elifushane nelibushelelezi. Ngakho-ke, izimfundamakhwela zasheshe zadumala ngalolu hlobo.

Inja enejazi elifushane yayingafanele ukusebenza ebuthweni, amaphoyisa noma onogada basemngceleni. U-Doberman uyinja enomlingisi oyinkimbinkimbi, ngakho-ke inqubo yokuqeqesha ithatha isikhathi esiningi nokubekezela kwe-cynologist. Uma i-cynologist isilungele ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi, khona-ke i-Doberman ibonisa izimfanelo zakhe ezinhle kakhulu, uma kungenjalo, khona-ke angase enqabe ngisho nokukhonza futhi angabi nandaba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu hlobo alukubekezeleli ukushintsha komnikazi.

Ngo-1971, i-Doberman ngokusemthethweni yaba inja evamile, yakhe waxoshwa ekilabhini yezinja zenkonzo. Ngokudabukisayo, kodwa lokhu kwaba ukuphenduka okuhle ekuthuthukisweni nasekukhethweni okuqhubekayo kohlobo. Abathandi be-Doberman baqala ukuthatha indlela yokudala yokuzalanisa, ukukhulisa nokunakekela. Lokhu kwaba nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni okuhle kohlobo.

Ngemva kokuwa kwe-USSR, abathandi bohlobo bakwazi "ukuyivuselela", njengoba izinja ezivela eYurophu zaqala ukungeniswa emazweni e-CIS. Lokhu kwalithuthukisa kakhulu izinga lohlobo lwezinja ezifuywayo. Ngeshwa, okwamanje lolu hlobo luhlala emthunzini wabanye abameleli abaziwayo, abahlanzekile. Bambalwa abantu abafuna ukugcina inja enkulu kangaka endlini, futhi imibono nokucwasa mayelana nesithunzi sabo kuyathinta. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu hlobo alunayo i-undercoat ngakho-ke ayikwazi ukugcinwa emakhazeni. Kodwa, labo abathatha ithuba futhi bathola i-Doberman bahlala bejabule futhi benelisekile ngokukhetha kwabo.

Umlingisi we-Doberman

I-Dobermans ngokwemvelo kakhulu nomdlandla, uqaphile futhi ungesabi izinja. Ngakho-ke, zilungele ukuvikela izinto ezihlukahlukene. Kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi lolu hlobo alufanelekile ukugcinwa endlini nabanikazi bayo.

Lolu hlobo lunedumela elithile. Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi i-Doberman iyingozi kakhulu ukuyigcina njengesilwane esifuywayo. Leli dumela lavela ngenxa yamandla awo, ukushesha kwawo, kanye neqiniso lokuthi ngokuvamile asetshenziswa njengonogada. Bambalwa abantu abazi ukuthi lolu hlobo “lumela” amalungu omndeni walo futhi luhlasela kuphela uma lusongela lona noma kumnikazi walo. Ngakho-ke, izibalo zibonisa ukuthi izinhlobo ezifana ne-rottweilers, izinkunzi ze-pit, izinja ezilusayo kanye ne-malamute zihlasela umuntu kaningi kunama-dobermans.

Uma i-doberman idlula ukuqeqeshwa okukhethekile kwe-cynologist, khona-ke inja enjalo, ngenxa yokuzinikela kwayo, iyoba isilwane esifuywayo esifanelekayo nomnakekeli womkhaya. Lolu hlobo alutholi nje ulimi oluvamile kubantu abadala, izingane ezincane, kodwa nezinye izilwane ezifuywayo. Bahlakaniphile, bafunda ngokushesha, abasubathi, banobudlelwane.

Ukufanisa lolu hlobo, kuyadingeka ukukhumbula isimo sayo esiqinile. Zinamathela emndenini wazo kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo, ngakho zingaba nolaka kwezinye izinja, zivikele umnikazi wazo. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthi bangakubekezeleli ukushintshwa komnikazi.

Izici zemfundo ye-Dobermans

Noma yisiphi isidalwa esiphilayo sidinga uthando nokunakekelwa. Awukwazi ukuba nesilwane esifuywayo ngokungenangqondo! Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ezinjeni ukuthi kubhekwa njengabazinikele kakhulu izidalwa emhlabeni.

Ngaphambi kokuba uqale i-Doberman, udinga ukukala konke ngokucophelela. Okokuqala udinga ukuhlola amandla akho namandla akho. Lolu hlobo luthanda uhambo olude futhi lugijima nomnikazi. Akwanele nje ukuhamba ngezinyawo ku-Doberman, abameleli balolu hlobo bayayithanda lapho umnikazi egijima nabo. Umnikazi ofanele we-Doberman kufanele asebenze, athande ukugijima isikhathi eside, futhi aphefumule umoya omusha. Kungcono ukuthi amavila angacabangi ngisho nesilwane esifuywayo.

AmaDoberman ayizinja ezihlakaniphile futhi athanda ukuvivinya umzimba njalo nokuqeqeshwa. Babuka inkosi yabo, ngakho ukwesaba noma ubuthakathaka akufanele kuboniswe phambi kwabo. Umnikazi we-Doberman kufanele abe namandla, ahlakaniphe futhi agijime futhi angayeki.

Umuntu ofuna ukuba nenja elula angase angacabangi ngisho ngoDoberman. Lenja akathandi ama-phlegmatic, ama-homebodies, abantu abane-melancholic. Uma engekho umnikazi noma amanye amalungu omndeni, i-Doberman ingashintsha indawo yasekhaya ibe yisiphithiphithi esihlanzekile. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi inja enjalo ilalela kuphela umholi noma umholi ngokwemvelo. Ngakho-ke, kusazodingeka ukufakazela amandla akho entando kanye nomlingiswa kusilwane esifuywayo. I-Dobermans izwa igunya namandla kumuntu, kodwa ayibekezeleli ubudlova nanoma yikuphi ukusetshenziswa kwamandla angokwenyama. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula imisipha ethuthukisiwe, ukusabela okusheshayo, amandla kanye nokushesha kwe-Doberman, okumenza abe umphikisi oyingozi kakhulu.

Uma umnikazi wesikhathi esizayo engeke anakekele ngokukhethekile inja enjalo njengoDoberman, kungcono ukungamshiyi nezingane. Njengoba ngenxa yokuntuleka kokuzivocavoca umzimba nokusetshenziswa kwamandla, zingaba nolaka noma zibe nonya.

Nalenja ayikulungele ukuvikela indawo ebusika noma ngenkathi ebandayo ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-undercoat. Lokhu akusho ukuthi i-Doberman ayikwazi ukwenza njengonogada, ayikwazi ukugcinwa emgwaqweni noma endaweni yezindiza.

U-Doberman kufanele athathwe kuphela njengomdlwane, ngakho ukuqeqeshwa kwakhe kufanele kwenziwe kusukela esemncane. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ama-puppies amancane awawona nje ama-frisky futhi asebenzayo, kodwa futhi ahlakaniphe kakhulu futhi abambe yonke into ngendiza. Imisebenzi eyintandokazi yalesi silwane ukuqeqeshwa nokusebenza. Ngokuqondene nezici zokuqeqesha imidlwane, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi bakhathala ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela isilwane futhi, uma kwenzeka ukukhathala, uyeke ukuqeqeshwa. Uma unganaki ukukhathala kwemidlwane futhi uqhubeka nokumphoqa ukuba agcwalise imiyalo yakhe, khona-ke esimisweni esilandelayo sokuqeqeshwa angase aqale ukusebenza futhi anqabe ukwenza noma yini.

I-Doberman Care

I-Dobermans ilungele abantu abangathandi ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi ekunakekeleni izilwane. Kunjalo empeleni ungachithi, akame asule ngethawula elimanzi abalidinga kanye kuphela ngesonto. Izinzipho zidinga ukusikwa njengoba zikhula (kaningi). Ngokuqondene nezinqubo zamanzi, kuncike ngokuphelele esifisweni somnikazi wesilwane. Ngaphambi kokugeza, i-Doberman kufanele ihlanganiswe ukuze igweme ukulahlekelwa izinwele.

Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi i-Dobermans iyizilwane ezigijima futhi ezisheshayo, ngakho-ke abesabi ukuzikhandla okukhulu ngokomzimba. Bathanda ukugijima nomnikazi wabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu hlobo lwezinja luthanda ukucindezeleka kwengqondo futhi lujabulela ukubamba iqhaza emiqhudelwaneni nemibukiso yezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene.

Izifo ze-Doberman

Ama-Doberman ayizinja ezinamandla futhi ngokuvamile ezinempilo. Kodwa akukho lutho oluphelele emvelweni, ngakho lokhu Isilwane sisengozini yezifo ezilandelayo:

• ukusonteka kwamathumbu;
• wobbler syndrome;
• umdlavuza wesikhumba;
• ngamehlo;
• i-lipoma;
• isifo sika-von Willebrand;
• i-cardiomyopathy;
• i-hypothyroidism;
• i-hip kanye ne-elbow dysplasia;
• isifo sikashukela;
• i-hepatitis;
• i-entropy.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zifo, i-Dobermans yanele akuvamile ukuhlushwa izifo ze-dermatological:

• i-vitiligo;
• ukulahleka kwezinwele;
• i-seborrhea;
• depigmentation yekhala.

Lokhu akulona lonke uhlu lwezifo lapho i-Dobermans ijwayele khona. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela yonke imithetho yokunakekela izilwane. Okunye okubalulekile wuhambo oluhleliwe lokuya kudokotela wezilwane, ukuthatha izithasiselo zamavithamini namaminerali, ukugoma, ukudla okunomsoco kanye nokusatshalaliswa kokucindezeleka ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo.

Doberman - inja enedumela elibi. Ngakho-ke, inja enjalo ayidingi ukuthukuthela noma ukucasuka futhi, kodwa ukuqeqeshwa okufanele kunganciphisa izici zomlingiswa ongemuhle wommeleli walolu hlobo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umlingiswa owakheke kahle angakha umvikeli womndeni okahle.

Futhi ekugcineni, isilwane ngasinye singumuntu ngamunye, ngakho-ke akuzona izici ezivamile nezincomo ezifanelekile kumuntu oyedwa noma omunye ummeleli wezinhlobo noma zohlobo. Kodwa-ke, i-Doberman iyinja ehlakaniphile, enamandla, enamandla, eqinile engaba yingxenye ebalulekile yanoma yimuphi umndeni.