Ama-antibiotic amakati: ukuhlukaniswa, izinkomba, ukusabela okungalungile kanye nezincomo

Ukutheleleka kwamakati akuvamile, ngakho odokotela bezilwane baya ngokuya benikeza ama-antibiotic ezilwaneni ezifuywayo. Imithi elwa namagciwane iyithuluzi elibaluleke kakhulu ekwelapheni izifo ezivuthayo izidakamizwa zendawo ezingakwazi ukubhekana nazo. Nokho, le "ndondo" inohlangothi lwesibili - ukusabela okubi. Ukunquma ngokwelashwa okunjalo noma ukwesaba ukusabela okungekuhle - okuningi kulokho okungezansi.

Ayini ama-antibiotic?

Ngakho-ke, ama-antibiotics yimithi evumela ukuthi indlela eyodwa noma enye ibulale amagciwane (izidakamizwa ezibulala amagciwane) noma ivimbele ukuthi lingakhuli futhi liphindaphindeke (bacteriostatics).

Ukwahlukanisa

Kunezidakamizwa eziningi ezihlukaniswe ngamaqembu kuye ngesakhiwo samakhemikhali:

• ama-penicillin;
• i-cephalosporins;
• i-tetracycline;
• i-chloramphenicol;
• ama-macrolides;
• ama-aminoglycosides;
• ama-glycopeptides;
• ama-lincosamide, njll.

Amafomu okukhululwa

Ngokusekelwe ekutheni yisiphi isitho esilashwayo, udokotela kufanele akhethe uhlobo oluthile lwama-antibiotic. Zingaba yizenzo ezijwayelekile (ezihlelekile) kanye nezendawo. Uma kudingekile ukwelapha isilonda esikhumbeni sekati, khona-ke amafutha, izifutho kanye nama-powders anqunywe, futhi uma ulwelwesi lwamafinyila luthinteka, amafutha akhethekile namaconsi anqunywe. Ama-antibiotic esistimu abe nomphumela ogqame kakhulu., asetshenziswa ngendlela yamaphilisi, imijovo ye-intravenous kanye ne-intramuscular. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona amakhandlela ahlukahlukene kanye nama-aerosol.

Ukusetshenziswa kwama-antibiotic

Ama-antimicrobial asetshenziswa ekwelapheni izifo eziningi. Zingasetshenziswa ezimweni ezilandelayo ze-pathological:

• amathumba ngemva kokulimala (isibonelo, ukulunywa);
• izifo zesikhumba;
• izifo zamehlo;
• i-pyometra;
• i-giardiasis;
• i-chlamydia;
• esikhathini sangemva kokuhlinzwa (kuhlanganise nangemuva kokuvala inzalo).

Ama-penicillin asetshenziselwa ukwelapha amasimu okushiswa kwamakati, amanxeba ama-purulent, ukusikeka. Isetshenziselwa ngokuhlelekile i-pleurisy, i-peritonitis, izifo zesistimu ye-genitourinary. I-Streptomycins inokusetshenziswa okufanayo, ngaphezu kwalokho, ivame ukunqunywa ngokuhlanganiswa nama-penicillin. Amafutha e-Tetracycline atholakala kabanzi esetshenziselwa izilonda ze-conjunctival kanye nesikhumba. I-Cephalosporins, njenge-sulfonamides, inqunyelwe izifo zepheshana lesisu, ukuphefumula, i-enteritis ne-pyometra. I-Gentamicin iyasebenza ekuvuvukeni kwe-nasopharynx, amehlo kanye nezifo zesisu.

Izimpawu zezinye izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane

Uma izimpawu ezilandelayo zikhona emakatini, kuyadingeka thintana nodokotela wezilwane ngokushesha, njengoba uma singelashwa, lesi sifo singaba inkimbinkimbi noma sibe amahlalakhona. Izifo ezivame kakhulu yi-tonsillitis, i-bronchitis ne-cystitis.

Izimpawu ze-angina:

• ukubomvu okubukhali kwe-pharynx;
• ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa;
• ukukhathala, ukulahlekelwa ukudla;
• ikhala eligijimayo.

Uma ungaqali ukwelashwa kwe-angina ngesikhathi, ungathola izinkinga, isibonelo, i-bronchitis.

Izimpawu ze-bronchitis:

• ukugula;
• Ukugodola, umkhuhlane;
• umsindo, ukuphefumula kanzima;
• ukunganaki, ukuntula isifiso sokudla.

Ngeshwa, i-cystitis ivame kakhulu namuhla. yona isifo sibuhlungu ekati futhi idinga ukwelashwa okude nokuhamba ngezinyawo.

Izimpawu ze-cystitis:

• ukuchama njalo, izingxenye ezincane zomchamo;
• ukugcinwa komchamo kuze kube usuku;
• ngesikhathi sokuchama, ikati likhipha i-meow ebuhlungu;
• ukunganaki, ukoma njalo;
• lokushisa.

Lezi zimpawu ze-cystitis zingase zinyamalale ngesonto, noma kunjalo, lokhu akuyona inkomba yokuthi lesi sifo sidlulile. Kungaba okungamahlalakhona.

Kukhona futhi ama-pathologies abangelwa amagciwane, angavamile kakhulu, noma kunjalo, ayingozi kakhulu futhi badinga usizo oluphuthumayo odokotela bezilwane. Lawa amathumba, izifo zangemva kokuhlinzwa (kuhlanganise nangemuva kokuvala inzalo) kanye ne-pyometra.

Ithumba litholwa ngokuhlolwa ngokucophelela, ukushaywa kwenhliziyo kanye nokuthatha umlando. Ukwelashwa kunqunyelwe kuye ngokuthi isigaba sokuthuthukiswa kwenqubo. Uma ithumba selivele lakhiwe, idinga ukuvulwa ngokushesha. bese ededela ubomvu. I-antibiotic kuleli cala isetshenziselwa ukuchelela kwe-cavity evuliwe ukuze kuvinjelwe ukutheleleka kabusha. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, izidakamizwa zesistimu zingase zibekwe.

Ama-antibiotics amakati esikhathini se-postoperative ayadingeka. Ziyadingeka ukuvimbela ukukhula kokutheleleka imigodi. Ukuvala inzalo nakho kudinga ukwelashwa okunjalo, nakuba kungekona ukuhlinzwa okungathi sína kwesisu. Ngeshwa, ama-antibiotics ngemva kokuvalwa inzalo awanqunywa yibo bonke odokotela bezilwane. Iqiniso liwukuthi amakati amaningi amelana nokuthuthukiswa kwe-peritonitis, lokhu kungenxa ye-anatomy yabo. Abaningi, kodwa hhayi bonke. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi le nkinga. Ukuvimbela i-peritonitis, ama-antibiotic abanzi asetshenziswa, imvamisa i-cephalosporins ne-fluoroquinolones.

Ngeshwa, kukhona isifo esifana ne-pyometra. Leli iqoqo lobovu emgodini wesibeletho. Uma udokotela wezilwane enolwazi, ukuhlolwa okuphelele, i-palpation kanye nokuxilongwa nge-ultrasound noma i-x-ray kwanele kuye. Ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kuzocacisa kuphela ukuthi yimaphi ama-antibiotic afanelekile esimweni esithile. I-Pyometra ivame ukuphathwa ngokuhlinzwa, kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi ubeke ukwelashwa okulondolozayo (amahomoni, ama-antibiotics, ama-droppers).

Izici zokwelashwa nemiphumela emibi

Ngeshwa, ama-antibiotics amakati awaphephile neze. Kufanele zinqunywe udokotela wezilwane kuphela futhi ngemva kokuhlolwa okuphelele. Iqiniso liwukuthi ama-antibiotic amaningi akhishwa ngezinso futhi uma ikati lalinesifo esithile esifihliwe sesimiso somchamo, sizoba sibi kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-antibacterial izidakamizwa ziphazamisa i-microflora yamathumbu, ngakho-ke, kufanele ibekwe nezidakamizwa ezifaka isandla ekubuyiselweni kwayo.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi umthamo we-antibiotic ukhethwe ngendlela efanele. Uma kunganele, izimpawu zizophela, kodwa ukutheleleka kuzohlala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amagciwane ayakwazi ukuzivumelanisa ngokushesha nohlobo oluthile lwemithi elwa namagciwane. Ngakho-ke, udokotela kufanele azi yonke imithi eyake yanikezwa ikati ukuze akhethe ikhambi kwelinye iqembu noma inhlanganisela yama-antibiotics.

Kufanele futhi uhlale uqaphele ukuthuthukiswa okungenzeka kokungezwani komzimba nomuthi othile. Umjovo wokuqala kufanele njalo wenzeka phambi kukadokotela wezilwane. Yena, uma kunesidingo, uzokwazi ukunikeza usizo lokuqala lokushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu zokungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile, ukubonakaliswa nakho akujabulisi: ukulunywa, ukuvuvukala, impandla. Kulezi zimo, udokotela wezilwane uthatha indawo yomuthi noma awukhansele ngokuphelele.

Kukhona ukusabela okungekuhle okubangelwa umuthi othile. I-Contraindications yezidakamizwa ezinjalo icacile futhi inqunywe emiyalweni. Imiphumela emibi evamile nayo ingenzeka: isicanucanu nokuhlanza. Kulokhu, kungakuhle ukuthi uguqule umuthi, noma umthamo wawo kanye nendlela yokuphatha.

Njengomthetho, ama-antimicrobial amuncwa kahle amakati, kepha imithi yabantu ayihlali ibafanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ama-antibiotics athinta kabi izingane, ngakho-ke, akunconywa ukuhlanganisa amakati phakathi nezinyanga ezintathu ngemva kokwelashwa ngama-antibiotic.

Ukuze ikati liphathwe ngempumelelo, liyadingeka landela ngokuqinile izincomo zikadokotela wezilwanea, qiniseka ukuthi uchaze ngokucacile futhi wachaza uhlobo lwe-antibiotic, umthamo wawo kanye nemvamisa yokuphatha. Akufanele neze uzenzele imithi.

Ukwamukela noma ukungamukeli?

Yiqiniso, impendulo icacile - ukwamukela. Kodwa kuphela lapho kudingekile futhi kuphela lezo ezibekwe udokotela wezilwane. Ziningi izifo kanye ukuzelapha kuyingozi empilweni isilwane esifuywayo. Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, izimpawu zezifo eziningi zegciwane zifana kakhulu nezimpawu zokuhlasela kwamagciwane, noma kunjalo, ziphathwa ngendlela ehlukile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuhlale kunethuba lokuthuthukisa ukushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic, okungenakwenzeka ukubhekana nakho ekhaya.

Umthamo ongalungile, umuthi okhethwe ngokungalungile ngeke uselaphe isilwane, kodwa usikhubaze. Uma kukhona ukungabaza mayelana neziqu zodokotela wezilwane owabeka ukwelashwa, kufanelekile ukuya komunye uchwepheshe. Udinga ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi ukwelapha kuhlelwe ngokucacile nangokucacile.

Ukwelashwa ezimweni eziningi kwenziwa ekhaya. Uma isilwane sizolile, ungakwazi ngisho nokujova ngokwakho. Manje imboni yezemithi emithini yezilwane ithuthuka ngenkuthalo, ngakho-ke ziyanda izindlela ezilula zama-antibiotics ziyavela amakati, isibonelo, amaphilisi anokunambitheka okuthile. Kuyadingeka ukulandela ngokucophelela izincomo zesikhathi, umthamo kanye nemvamisa yokuphatha.

Elinye iphuzu ekwelapheni okuphumelelayo izinga lomuthi. Umuthi wesilwane esifuywayo kufanele uhlolwe ngokucophelela kunawe. Udinga ukuthengela amakati ama-antibiotics kumakhemisi akhethekile anelayisensi. Futhi qiniseka ukuthi ngaphambi kokwethulwa komuthi udinga ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi usuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi alukadluli.

Kuphela uma wonke la maphuzu ebonwa, singakhuluma ngokwelashwa okuphumelelayo okuzobe kuphephile esilwaneni.