I-dropsy yesisu ezinjeni: izimbangela, izimpawu, ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa

I-Dropsy ezinjeni (aka ascites) yisimo lapho inani elikhulu loketshezi linqwabelana emgodini wesisu. Kungaba senja enempilo, kodwa inani layo lincane kakhulu. Ukunqwabelana okukhulu koketshezi kuphazamisa umsebenzi wazo zonke izitho zomgodi wesisu wenja, iqala ukuphefumula. Ukuphefumula kuqala ukumhlukumeza, umsebenzi uyancipha, ukukhathala kwenzeka, isisindo siqala ukwehla kakhulu.

Izinkinga ze-dropsy

I-Ascites iwuphawu, hhayi isifo. Kunezizathu ezimbalwa zazo, nazi ezivame kakhulu:

• isimila;
• isifo sesibindi;
• Isifo senhliziyo;
• isifo sezinso;
• i-peritonitis.

Ngokuvamile imbangela yokuthuthukiswa kwe-dropsy ezinja yizimila zezitho ezihlukahlukene ze-cavity yesisu. Ukukhula, i-tumor iqala ukufaka ingcindezi emithanjeni, okuholela ekwandeni okubukhali komfutho wegazi, okuholela ekuqoqweni koketshezi emgodini wesisu.

Futhi, isimila singase sivuleke ngokuzumayo enja futhi siqale ukuphuma ngamandla, ngenxa yalokho ku-peritoneum, ukuphuma kwe-lymph kuyaphazamiseka noma kwakheka uketshezi oluningi ngenxa yokudakwa komzimba okubangelwa isimila.

Ukuwohloka komgodi wesisu kuvame ukubangelwa izifo zesibindi. Lesi sitho sisebenza ngokuhlunga igazi ne-lymph, ukuwahlanza nokuhlanganisa amaprotheni. Ngokushesha nje lapho isibindi sigula, yonke imisebenzi yaso iyaphazamiseka. Awukwazi ukuhlunga ngokujwayelekile umthamo odingekayo wegazi kanye ne-lymph, ngenxa yalokho baqala ukwehla, uketshezi luqala ukungena ezindongeni zemikhumbi futhi kwenzeka ama-ascites. Ukwephulwa kwe-protein synthesis kuholela ekwehleni komfutho wamaprotheni e-plasma igazi, ngenxa yokuthi ingxenye yoketshezi yegazi iqala ukuphuma ingene ezicutshini nasemigodini yomzimba kanye noketshezi lwamahhala luvele.

Ezinjeni, inhliziyo enesifo ibangela ukumiswa kwegazi ku-systemic circulation, okubangela ama-ascites emgodini wesisu ngenxa yokuchichima kombhede we-vascular.

Izinso zilawula amanzi omzimba kanye nebhalansi ye-electrolyte futhi khuthaza ukukhululwa kwemikhiqizo ye-metabolicnjengesibindi. Izinso ezinempilo akufanele zibe namaprotheni e-plasma emchameni, noma kunjalo, izicubu zezinso ezivuthayo ziqala ukukhiqiza le phrotheni ngobuningi. Lokhu kulahlekelwa kwamaprotheni, kanye nokugcinwa kwe-sodium ngokweqile emzimbeni, kunomthelela ekwakhiweni kwe-dropsy esilwaneni.

I-Peritonitis ukuvuvukala kwe-peritoneum. Kungenzeka ngenxa yezizathu eziningi futhi cishe njalo kuhambisana nama-ascites. Inani eliningi loketshezi liqala ukunqwabelana ku-peritoneum ngenxa yokuvuvukala okukhulu, ngenxa yalokho izindonga ze-vascular zilahlekelwa ukuqina kwazo futhi ukuvuthwa kwazo kuyanda.

Izimpawu ze-dropsy

Ungabona kanjani ukuthi inja yakho ine-ascites? Kufanele wazi izimpawu zayo eziyinhloko:

• uphawu oluyinhloko yisisu esivulekile. Ezilwaneni ezinamafutha, lesi sibonakaliso sivezwa kancane, ngakho singanakwa kalula;
• ngenxa yenani elikhulu loketshezi esilwaneni, izinkinga zokuphefumula ziqala, ukuphefumula kancane kwenzeka, futhi ulwelwesi lwamafinyila luqala ukuthola i-tint bluish. Uma i-ascites ibangelwa isifo sesibindi, ulwelwesi lwamafinyila lungase lube yi-icteric. Uketshezi oluningi emgodini wesisu luqala ukufaka ingcindezi ku-diaphragm namaphaphu, ngakho-ke inja iphoqeleka ukuthi ihleziukwenza kube lula ukuphefumula;
• i-edema ingavela njenge-dropsy, kodwa futhi njengesifo esizimele. I-edema kanye ne-ascites ibonisa ukuvela kwesifo esifana ne-hypoalbuminemia noma ukwehluleka kwezinso. Ama-ascites avame ukuvela emgodini we-pleural;
• inja iqala ukuphuza kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile iya endlini yangasese ngendlela encane. Lezi zimpawu zenzeka ekuhlulekeni okungapheli kwezinso;
• umsebenzi wenja uyancipha. Uba buthakathaka futhi angabi nandaba nakho konke. Isilwane siyazaca kakhulu, asidli lutho, silala ngaso sonke isikhathi, sinyakaza kanzima;
• imisipha yemisipha iqala ukuncipha isisindo senja siyanda ngenxa yokuqoqwa koketshezi oluningi emgodini wesisu;
• nge-ascites, isilwane singahlala sihlanza, okuchazwa ngokuba khona kwesifo esiyisisekelo (izinso, isifo sesibindi, inqubo ye-paraneoplastic).

Indlela yokuxilonga i-dropsy?

I-Ascites itholakala ngale ndlela elandelayo:

• ukulalela ngokucophelela izikhalo zomnikazi wezinja;
• ukuhlaziya izimpawu;
• ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa kwegazi elabhorethri;
• ngokwemiphumela yocwaningo loketshezi oluthathwe emgodini wesisu;
• ukuthatha ama-x-ray noma ama-ultrasounds.

Ngemva kokulalela ngokucophelela umniniso futhi ehlola isilwane, udokotela wezilwane uphetha ngokuthi sinama-ascites noma cha. Ukuqinisekisa noma ukuphikisa izinsolo zabo, kwenziwa i-ultrasound noma i-x-ray yomgodi wesisu. Nokho, lezi zifundo zingabonisa kuphela ukuthi uketshezi oluningi lukhona noma cha.

Akulona iqiniso ukuthi uketshezi oluveziwe emgodini wesisu lunamaconsi. njengoketshezi kungaba igazi ngokuphuma kwegazi kwangaphakathi, umchamo, uma ngenxa yokulimala kwakukhona ukuphuka kwesinye noma i-lymph, ngokulimala emithanjeni ye-lymphatic.

Ekuxilongweni okuhlukile, ukubhoboza kwenziwa odongeni lwesisu ukuze kuthathwe uketshezi oluthile ukuze luhlolwe elabhorethri. Uma uketshezi oluthathiwe lunombala wotshani olula futhi lungenaphunga, khona-ke ku-100% yamacala yi-ascites. Uma igazi lisebenza njengoketshezi, linjalo kubonisa ukopha emgodini wesisu, umchamo ubonisa ukuthi kuqhume esinyeni noma i-ureter, futhi uketshezi olumhlophe olumhlophe luyi-lymph. Uma ukuvuvukala kwe-purulent kwenzeka emgodini wesisu, uketshezi luyoba nombala ohlukile ngephunga elingathandeki. Ukuxilongwa okunembile kwenziwa ngemva kokuhlolwa kwaselabhorethri.

Uketshezi olufundwa elabhorethri lunembe kakhulu ekuxilongeni umsuka walesi sifo. Ngokuya ngokwakhiwa, i-liquid ihlukaniswe yaba:

• i-exudate;
• i-hemorrhagic exudate;
• transudate;
• i-transudate eshintshiwe.

Uma ucwaningo lubonisa i-transudate, khona-ke ukuxilongwa okufana nezimila, i-helminthiases, izifo zesibindi, amathumbu, i-portal hypertension, nokwehluleka kwezinso kwenziwa.

Uma i-transudate eguquliwe iqinisekisiwe, inja cishe ihlushwa ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo, isimila, noma i-portosystemic hypertension. I-Exudate ivela ku-peritonitis noma izimila. Igazi ku-exudate libonisa ukulimala kwezitho zangaphakathi zesilwane.

Ukwelashwa kwama-ascites

Le pathology iwumphumela wanoma iyiphi inqubo yokuvuvukala eyenzeka emzimbeni wenja. Ngemva kokuqeda imbangela, i-dropsy nayo izonyamalala. Uma isilwane sisesimweni esibi kakhulu, i-laparocentesis yenziwa ukuze isidambise, ehlanganisa ukudonsa uketshezi oluningi oluphuma emgodini wesisu. Nokho lesi silinganiso singokwesikhashana., njengoba uketshezi luzokwakheka ngokuphindaphindiwe, futhi ukuphuma kwalo njalo kunomthelela eqinisweni lokuthi umzimba wenja uqala ukulahlekelwa amaprotheni ngobuningi, okwenza kube nzima nakakhulu isimo esivamile sesilwane.

Ukuze kunxeshezelwe ukulahleka kwamaprotheni, kunikezwa isixazululo se-albumin noma uketshezi olumpontshiwe luphinde lufakwe. Esimweni sokugcina, amayunithi angama-50 e-heparin engezwa ku-500 ml woketshezi futhi anikezwe ngomthambo izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu. Kwenzeka lokho uketshezi olupompa luqukethe ubuthi nama-bacteriaNgakho-ke, ama-antibiotics afana ne-cephalosporins asetshenziswa. Le ndlela ilungiswa yiqiniso lokuthi yandisa impilo yenja futhi ngisho nokuqala kokuxolelwa kungenzeka.

Futhi, ama-diuretics kufanele anikezwe ukususa uketshezi, kepha kulokhu, inani elikhulu le-potassium likhishwa emzimbeni. Ukuyigcina, ama-diuretics anqunyelwe ukuyigcina, kepha lokhu futhi akuyona inketho. Babangela ukuphazamiseka kwe-dyshormonal.

Imiphumela emihle inikezwa yi-cardio nama-hepaprotectors asekela imisipha yenhliziyo nesibindi. Ukudla kwesilwane kufanele kungabi nosawoti, futhi umthamo woketshezi olusetshenzisiwe kufanele uncishiswe.

Nakuba i-dropsy ivame ukwenzeka ngezifo ezingelapheki, umnikazi wezinja kanye nodokotela wezilwane abasebenza ndawonye bangagcina isilwane sisesimweni esigculisayo isikhathi esithile, sithuthukise izinga lempilo yaso.