Ithumba ekatini

Yini okufanele abanikazi bayenze futhi yini okudingeka bayazi ngezimbangela nokwelashwa kwamathumba ekati ukuze bangaqali ukukhula kwalesi sifo? 

Izimbangela zethumba ekatini

Phakathi kwabanikazi bamakati, amagama avame kakhulu lesi sifo "ithumba" noma "ithumba". Baziveza ngokunembile izimpawu zesimila esinjalo. Ukuqoqwa kwe-purulent exudate ngaphansi kwesikhumba kwenzeka ngenxa yezimbangela zemishini nezifo ezithathelwanayo. Isigaba sokuqala sihlanganisa:

• ukulimala kwesikhumba ngezinto ezibukhali;
• ukulunywa kwezinye izilwane;
• ukulimala kwe-mucosa yomlomo ngesiqephu sezinyo;
• ukwethulwa kwamalungiselelo ezilwane zokungaguquguquki okukhulu ngendlela engaphansi kwesikhumba;
• ukwethulwa kwezidakamizwa ezibandayo;
• izinkinga ngemva kokuhlinzwa.

Ochwepheshe emitholampilo yezilwane kanye nabanikazi bezilwane baye baqaphela ukuthi amakati ayalwa futhi athola ukulimala kwesikhumba kaningi kunamakati. Kungashiwo okufanayo ngamakati amancane: adlala kaningi futhi alwe kaningi, okubangela ukuvela kwezicubu ezi-purulent - amathumba.

Izimbangela zemvelo ethathelwanayo zivela ngenxa yokungena kwama-microbes e-pathogenic ngaphansi kwesikhumba, emisipha yemisipha kanye nolwelwesi lwamafinyila. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokwakheka kwamanxeba avulekile, ngokwethulwa kwemithi yokugoma esezingeni eliphansi kanye ne-biologics, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamasirinji nezinaliti ezithelelekile ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.

Izifo ezithathelwanayo ezivame kakhulu ezivusa ithumba ekati yi-streptococci, i-staphylococci, kanye nezinhlobo ezithile zamabhaktheriya e-pathogenic.

Izilwane ezincane zizwela kakhulu izimbangela zazo zombili izigaba, ngakho-ke ithumba ekatini lingatholakala kaningi kunabantu abadala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izilwane ezincane zihlala zikhuthele futhi, ngenxa yelukuluku lazo, zivame ukulimala.

Izinhlobo zamathumba

Ukuhlukaniswa kwalesi sifo kuhlanganisa izigaba ezimbili ngokuya ngokuqina kwentuthuko:

• i-suppuration engaphezulu nokuvuvukala kwezingqimba ezingenhla zesikhumba, ngokuvamile ngaphandle kwemiphumela kanye nezinkinga. Amathumba anjalo asendaweni ngokwemvelo, amancane ngobukhulu, futhi angase ahambisane nokuvuvukala okuncane;
• izilonda ezijulile zezicubu zemisipha, izicubu ezinamafutha angaphansi kwesikhumba, izingqimba ezingezansi ze-epidermis. Ama-neoplasms anjalo emzimbeni wesilwane aminyene, amboze kakhulu ingxenye yomzimba noma yesitho.

Ngokwezinga lokulimala kwezicubu kanye nenkambo yalesi sifo, izinhlobo ezi-3 zamathumba zihlukaniswa:

• ngenkambo ebukhali: ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa lomzimba wendawo, ukwakheka okusheshayo kwesimila kanye nokwanda okubukhali kwevolumu yayo;
• ifomu le-subacute: ngokuqina okulinganiselwe kokuthuthukiswa kwe-edema, inani elincane le-purulent exudate, ngokuvamile ngaphandle komkhuhlane;
• ifomu elingamahlalakhona: kuvame kakhulu kumathumba angaphezulu, lapho kungekho kwakheka okugcwele kobomvu, futhi isimila singakhuli ngosayizi isikhathi eside.

Ngokwendawo yethumba ekati emzimbeni, lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo zihlukaniswa:

• ithumba entanyeni yekati nekati ngenxa yengxabano nezihlobo, ukuzingela amagundane noma ukulimala komshini;
• ukuvuvukala emlonyeni: ithumba livame kakhulu ekati esihlathini - isilonda esiwumphumela wokuklwebheka ngesikhathi sokudlala nezinye izilwane;
• ukulimala kwezidladla ngokwakhiwa kwesimila se-purulent;
• i-periodontal ithumba ngenxa yesilonda sezinyo eliphukile, ukuthuthukiswa kwesifo se-periodontal, ukudla okushisayo;
• ithumba ekatini ngaphansi komsila;
• i-abscess paraanal yezindlala ngenxa yokondla okungalungile, ukwehluleka kwe-hormonal, ukuntuleka komsebenzi.

Ngaphezu kwalezi zinhlobonhlobo ekusebenzeni kwezilwane, amathumba angashadile namaningi ahlukaniswa.

Ithumba le-anal gland

Izindlala ze-paraanal zifihla imfihlo, iphunga layo elibonisa indawo ephawuliwe. Ukwakheka kwethumba ezindlaleni ze-paraanal kuholela esenzweni esinzima sokukhipha isisu, ubuhlungu kanye nokuvela kwenqubo yokuvuvukala. Ngokuvuvukala kwalezi zinhlayiya, ukufihla okukhubazekile, ukuvela kwesimila kanye nokukhishwa kwe-purulent, ukwelashwa kwe-abscess ye-paraanal gland kufanele kuqalwe ngokushesha.

ithumba lomsila

Okungajwayelekile kakhulu emakatini ithumba emsileni. Kuba umphumela wemidlalo esebenzayo, umbango phakathi kwezihlobo. Ngokuvamile, isimila esinjalo sisendaweni ngokwemvelo futhi siyelapheka kalula.

ithumba lomlomo

Lokhu kungenye yezakhiwo ezivame kakhulu. Kwenzeka ngenxa yokudla okungalungile, lapho amathambo ezinhlanzi engena emgodini womlomo, futhi ngenxa yokushiswa kokudla okushisayo. Esinye isizathu sisekuqhubekeleni phambili kwesifo se-periodontal, ukwakheka kwe-plaque, futhi ngenxa yokuphuka kwamazinyo.

Ithumba esihlathini

Ezihlathini, amathumba angenzeka ngemva kokulwa namanye amakati. Uma umnikazi wesilwane ephuthelwe umzuzu wokucacisa ubuhlobo besilwane sakhe nezimbangi, khona-ke uzokwazi ukubona imiphumela kuphela lapho isihlathi sekati sesivele siqhuma futhi amafomu e-tumor. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amathe ezilwane aqukethe amagciwane amaningi, i-streptococci ne-staphylococci. Lapho ulunywa, yonke i-microflora ingena ngaphansi kwesikhumba, bese ingena emisipha, ulwelwesi lwamafinyila futhi ingene esicutshini samathambo, kanyekanye ibangele izinqubo zokubola.

Ithumba lendlebe

Ngokuvamile, ithumba endlebeni yekati lenzeka endaweni yokulunywa ezinye izilwane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-auricle iyashisa, ilenga phansi, i-purulent exudate enamathelayo ikhishwa kuyo. Lesi sifo singase sibe sesibili, sicasulwe ngenxa yokuhlaliswa kwemikhaza emgodini wendlebe.

Ithumba esidladleni sekati

Isizathu sokwakheka kwe-abscess kanye ne-abscess ekati e-paw kungaba ukulunywa, ukuhlukumezeka ngesikhathi sokuwa, imiphumela yokuphuka, ukulimala ngezinto ezibukhali, ukulimala ngamatshe omgwaqo. Imvamisa, inkinga ibonakala kuphela lapho isilwane esifuywayo siqala ukuxhuga noma udladla lwaso lungasebenzi futhi alugobi kahle.

Lesi sifo sibonakala kanjani?

I-symptomatology yalesi sifo inqunywa izimpawu ezijwayelekile kanye nezimpawu. Isilwane esifuywayo esigulayo kakade ezinsukwini ezingu-2-3 zokuqala silahlekelwa isithakazelo emidlalweni esebenzayo, sihamba, silahlekelwa ukudla.

Izimpawu ezijwayelekile yilezi:

• ukukhuphuka kwenhliziyo;
• ukwanda kokuphefumula;
• ukunganaki;
• ukucindezelwa;
• ukuhamba okuvilaphayo;
• ukwanda kokushisa komzimba ngo-1-2 degrees;
• izimpawu zobuhlungu.

Ngokusho kwezimpawu ezinjalo, kunzima kakhulu ukuqagela ukuthi kukhona ithumba - zivela ezifweni eziningi. Ngisho nodokotela wezilwane onolwazi, lapho enza ukuxilongwa, uzoncika ezimpawu zesici:

• ukubonakala kwe-tumor ngendlela ye-hemisphere elinganayo noma e-asymmetric;
• umuzwa wokushintshashintsha lapho uhlola ithumba - ukumpontshelwa koketshezi kuzwakala ngaphakathi kwalo;
• ubuhlungu lapho ucindezela isimila;
• impandla endaweni yethumba;
• ukuba khona kokulunywa, umjovo noma ukulimala okungena ngaphakathi;
• ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa lendawo endaweni yokwakheka kobovu;
• ukubonakala kokukhishwa okunamathelayo okumanzi kwejazi endaweni yokuvuvukala;
• ukuvela kwephunga elibi eliwuphawu lwenyama ebolayo;
• ukubonakala kwama-scabs endaweni lapho kutholakala khona ithumba futhi eduze kwalo.

Izici zesici zifaka phakathi izimpawu zezimpawu zamathumba anendawo ethile.

Ngokunqotshwa kwezidladla, ukuxhwala kuyaphawulwa, ukwehla komsebenzi, ikati noma ikati liqala ukunyathela ngokuqapha.

Ngethumba lezindlala ze-paraanal, i-neoplasm encane efana ne-cone eduze ne-anus ibonakala.

Uhlobo lwe-periodontal lwethumba luhambisana nokwenqaba okubukhali kokudla, ukubonakala kokuphefumula okubi, isilwane esifuywayo siphuza amanzi kuphela.

Ngethumba ezindlebeni, ikakhulukazi uma kubangelwa umsebenzi obalulekile womkhaza, indlebe inyakaza, isilwane sihlala siyikama ngesidladla saso, senza ukunyakaza okujikelezayo noma okugoqayo ngekhanda.

Nokho, nakuba izimpawu zesici zethumba emakatini noma emakatini zisobala, abanikazi bezilwane ezifuywayo akufanele bazihlole ngokwabo ngokusekelwe ezimpawini ezihlonziwe. Zingase zifane nezibonakaliso zezinye izifo, bese kwenziwa iphutha ekukhetheni izindlela zokwelapha, ezigcwele izinkinga ezinkulu nemiphumela yempilo ngisho nokuphila kwesilwane.

Diagnostics

Ukuxilongwa okulungile kungenziwa kuphela ngudokotela wezilwane, ngokusekelwe emiphumeleni yalezi zindlela zokuxilonga:

• ukuqoqwa kwe-anamnesis - inhlolovo yomnikazi mayelana nokuziphatha kwesilwane esifuywayo, ukuthambekela kwayo ekubeni nobutha nezihlobo, mayelana nokulimala okungenzeka kanye nokusebenza kwangaphambilini;
• ukuhlolwa komtholampilo, okuhlanganisa i-thermometry, i-palpation (i-palpation) yesimila;
• ukuhlaziywa kwelabhorethri ngokujova amasiko ebhaktheriya ukuze kutholakale ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuba khona kwe-microflora ye-pathogenic kanye nokuzwela kwayo emaqenjini ahlukene emithi;
• ukuhlolwa kwelabhorethri encane ye-exudate kusuka emgodini wethumba;
• ukubhoboza - ukubhoboza isimila ukuze kutholakale ubukhona be-purulent fluid.

Izindlela ezintathu zokugcina zisetshenziswa lapho kungenakwenzeka ukwenza ukuxilongwa okuhlukile (okuqhathaniswayo), uma zonke izimpawu zingabonisa izifo eziningana ezifanayo ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Ukwelashwa kwamathumba kumakati namakati

Ukusebenza kwezindlela zokwelapha kuncike ezingeni lokuqhubeka kwethumba. Esigabeni sokuqala, lapho kungekho umswakama kanye nempandla ku-abscess, ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa kusetshenziswa izidakamizwa ezivela emaqenjini ahlukene:

• ama-antibacterial agents;
• izidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala;
• ama-painkiller nama-blockades ngokusetshenziswa kwawo.

Umphumela omuhle unikeza ukwelashwa kwezidakamizwa. Udokotela wezilwane angase anikeze ama-antibiotics, izidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala. Uma i-paw fester yekati kanye ne-abscess ngokushesha ngemva kokulimala, ukusetshenziswa kwemithi yangaphandle kunconywa. Esigabeni sesibili, ngesimila esakhiwe kakade kanye nokukhululwa kwe-exudate kusuka emgodini kuya ngaphandle, ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kunqunywa ngokubhoboza noma ukusika ithumba. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, phakathi nokuhlinzwa okunjalo, wonke uketshezi lwe-purulent luyasuswa, imbobo ikhishwa nge-disinfected futhi igezwe ngama-antiseptics. Kuzo zombili izimo zokutholwa kwethumba, ithumba ekatini kufanele lilashwe ngokuqinile ngokwezincomo nangaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela okhona.

Izinkinga ezingenzeka zamathumba

Ngokwelashwa okungazelelwe kwethumba ekati noma ekatini, ukugxila kokuvuvukala kusakazeka kumathishu nezitho eziseduze. Kusukela endlebeni, inqubo ingaya endaweni yobuchopho. Ngethumba le-paraanal, ukutheleleka kungangena ezingxenyeni zepheshana lesisu kanye nesistimu yokuzala.

Ngazo zonke izinhlobo nezinhlobo zamathumba, kunengozi yokuba noshevu wegazi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuziphatha kwesilwane kuba kubi, kuba nolaka, futhi kungonakalisa izinto zangaphakathi. Ezimweni ezithuthukile, kunengozi yokuqala kwe-immunodeficiency, okubangela noma yiziphi izinkinga ngisho nezifo ezingezona eziyingozi nezingathathelwana.

Ukuvimbela Ithumba

Ukuze kungadingeki ubheke izindlela eziphumelelayo zokwelapha, umnikazi wesilwane udinga ukuqapha isimo sakhe nokuziphatha kwakhe ekuhambeni. Uma kungenzeka, ukuxhumana nezihlobo ezinolaka kufanele kulinganiselwe. Ngemva kokuhlala ngakunye emgwaqweni, izidladla, umsila, izihlathi, intamo kufanele kuhlolwe ukulunywa noma ukulimala. Uma isifiso sokudla siba sibi, kufanele ulethe ngokushesha umngane wakho onoboya kudokotela wezilwane ukuze amhlole ngomlomo. Izinyathelo ezinjalo ezilula zizosiza ukugcina impilo yesilwane sakho futhi usivikele emiphumeleni yamathumba.

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Mashi 24 2020

Kubuyekezwe: 30 Mashi 2022